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Chapter 16
Manna and Quail from Heaven
1
On the fifteenth… day of the second month after they had left the land of Egypt, the whole congregation… of Israel set out from Elim and came to the Desert of Sin, which is between Elim… and Sinai.
בַּחֲמִשָּׁ֨ה עָשָׂ֥ר יוֹם֙ הַשֵּׁנִ֔י לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ לְצֵאתָ֖ם מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃ כָּל־ עֲדַ֤ת בְּנֵֽי־ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וַיִּסְעוּ֙ מֵֽאֵילִ֔ם וַיָּבֹ֜אוּ אֶל־ מִדְבַּר־ סִ֔ין אֲשֶׁ֥ר בֵּין־ אֵילִ֖ם וּבֵ֣ין סִינָ֑י ba·ḥă·miš·šāh ‘ā·śār yō·wm haš·šê·nî la·ḥō·ḏeš lə·ṣê·ṯām mê·’e·reṣ miṣ·rā·yim kāl- ‘ă·ḏaṯ bə·nê- yiś·rā·’êl way·yis·‘ū mê·’ê·lim way·yā·ḇō·’ū ’el- miḏ·bar- sîn ’ă·šer bên- ’ê·lim ū·ḇên sî·nāy — WLC · 1
XVIἐξ Αἰλείμ, καὶ ἡλθοσαν πᾶσα συναγωγὴ υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ εἰς τὴν ἔρημον Σεῖν, ὅ ἐστιν ἀνὰ μέσον Αἰλεὶμ καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον Σεινά. τῇ δὲ πεντεκαιδεκάτη ἡμέρᾳ τῷ μηνὶ τῷ δευτέρῳ ἐξεληλυθότων αὐτῶν ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου — LXX Swete · 1
2
[And there] in the desert the whole congregation… of Israel grumbled against Moses… and Aaron.
בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃ כָּל־ עֲדַ֧ת בְּנֵי־ יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל וַיִּלִּינוּ עַל־ מֹשֶׁ֥ה וְעַֽל־ אַהֲרֹ֖ן bam·miḏ·bār kāl- ‘ă·ḏaṯ bə·nê- yiś·rā·’êl way·yil·lī·nū ‘al- mō·šeh wə·‘al- ’a·hă·rōn — WLC · 2
διεγόγγυζεν πᾶσα συναγωγὴ υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ ἐπὶ Μωυσῆν καὶ Ἀαρών· — LXX Swete · 2
3
“If only… we had died by [[YHWH|the LORD]]’s hand in the land of Egypt!” [they said]… “There we sat by pots of meat and ate our fill of bread, but you have brought us into this desert to starve this whole assembly to death!”
מִֽי־ יִתֵּ֨ן מוּתֵ֤נוּ יְהוָה֙ בְיַד־ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ אֲלֵהֶ֜ם בְּשִׁבְתֵּ֙נוּ֙ עַל־ סִ֣יר הַבָּשָׂ֔ר בְּאָכְלֵ֥נוּ לָשֹׂ֑בַע לֶ֖חֶם כִּֽי־ הוֹצֵאתֶ֤ם אֹתָ֙נוּ֙ אֶל־ הַזֶּ֔ה הַמִּדְבָּ֣ר אֶת־ בָּרָעָֽב׃ס הַזֶּ֖ה כָּל־ הַקָּהָ֥ל לְהָמִ֛ית mî- yit·tên mū·ṯê·nū Yah·weh ḇə·yaḏ- bə·’e·reṣ miṣ·ra·yim bə·nê yiś·rā·’êl way·yō·mə·rū ’ă·lê·hem bə·šiḇ·tê·nū ‘al- sîr hab·bā·śār bə·’ā·ḵə·lê·nū lā·śō·ḇa‘ le·ḥem kî- hō·w·ṣê·ṯem ’ō·ṯā·nū ’el- haz·zeh ham·miḏ·bār ’eṯ- bā·rā·‘āḇ haz·zeh kāl- haq·qā·hāl lə·hā·mîṯ — WLC · 3
καὶ εἶπαν πρὸς αὐτοὺς οἱ υἱοὶ Ἰσραήλ ἀπεθάνομεν πληγέντες ὑπὸ κυρίου ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ, ὅταν ἐκαθίσαμεν ἐπὶ τῶν λεβήτων τῶν κρεῶν καὶ ἠσθίομεν ἄρτους εἰς πλησμονήν· ὅτι ἐξηγάγετε ἡμᾶς εἰς τὴν ἔρημον ταύτην, ἀποκτεῖναι πᾶσαν τὴν συναγωγὴν ταύτην ἐν λιμῷ. — LXX Swete · 3
4
Then [[YHWH|the LORD]] said to Moses, “Behold, I will rain down bread from heaven for you. Each day… the people are to go out and gather enough for that day. In this way I will test whether or not they will follow My instructions.
יְהוָה֙ וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֶל־ מֹשֶׁ֔ה הִנְנִ֨י מַמְטִ֥יר לֶ֖חֶם מִן־ הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם לָכֶ֛ם י֣וֹם בְּיוֹמ֔וֹ הָעָ֤ם וְיָצָ֨א וְלָֽקְטוּ֙ דְּבַר־ לְמַ֧עַן אֲנַסֶּ֛נּוּ אִם־ לֹֽא׃ הֲיֵלֵ֥ךְ בְּתוֹרָתִ֖י Yah·weh way·yō·mer ’el- mō·šeh hin·nî mam·ṭîr le·ḥem min- haš·šā·mā·yim lā·ḵem yō·wm bə·yō·w·mōw hā·‘ām wə·yā·ṣā wə·lā·qə·ṭū də·ḇar- lə·ma·‘an ’ă·nas·sen·nū ’im- lō hă·yê·lêḵ bə·ṯō·w·rā·ṯî — WLC · 4
εἶπεν δὲ κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ὕω ὑμῖν ἄρτους ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ ἐξελεύσεται ὁ λαὸς καὶ συλλέξουσιν τὸ τῆς ἡμέραν εἰς ἡμέραν, ὅπως πειράσω αὐτοὺς εἰ πορεύσονται τῷ νόμῳ μου ἢ οὔ· — LXX Swete · 4
5
Then on the sixth day, when they prepare what they bring in, it will be twice as much as they gather on the other days.”…
וְהָיָה֙ הַשִּׁשִּׁ֔י בַּיּ֣וֹם וְהֵכִ֖ינוּ אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁר־ יָבִ֑יאוּ וְהָיָ֣ה מִשְׁנֶ֔ה עַ֥ל אֲשֶֽׁר־ יִלְקְט֖וּ י֥וֹם׀ יֽוֹם׃ס wə·hā·yāh haš·šiš·šî bay·yō·wm wə·hê·ḵî·nū ’êṯ ’ă·šer- yā·ḇî·’ū wə·hā·yāh miš·neh ‘al ’ă·šer- yil·qə·ṭū yō·wm yō·wm — WLC · 5
καὶ ἔσται τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἕκτῃ καὶ ἑτοιμάσουσιν ὃ ἐὰν εἰσενέγκωσιν, καὶ ἔσται διπλοῦν ὃ ἐὰν συναγάγωσιν τὸ καθ’ ἡμέραν εἰς ἡμέραν. — LXX Swete · 5
6
So Moses and Aaron said to all the Israelites…, “This evening you will know that it was [[YHWH|the LORD]] who brought you out of the land of Egypt,
מֹשֶׁה֙ וְאַהֲרֹ֔ן וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֶֽל־ כָּל־ בְּנֵ֖י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל עֶ֕רֶב וִֽידַעְתֶּ֕ם כִּ֧י יְהוָ֛ה הוֹצִ֥יא אֶתְכֶ֖ם מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃ mō·šeh wə·’a·hă·rōn way·yō·mer ’el- kāl- bə·nê yiś·rā·’êl ‘e·reḇ wî·ḏa‘·tem kî Yah·weh hō·w·ṣî ’eṯ·ḵem mê·’e·reṣ miṣ·rā·yim — WLC · 6
καὶ εἶπεν Μωυσῆς καὶ Ἀαρὼν πρὸς πᾶσαν συναγωγὴν υἱῶν Ἰσραήλ Ἑσπέρας γνώσεσθε ὅτι κύριος ἐξήγαγεν ὑμᾶς ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου, — LXX Swete · 6
7
and in the morning you will see [[YHWH|the LORD]]’s glory, because He has heard your grumbling against Him. For who [are] we, that you should grumble against us?”
וּבֹ֗קֶר וּרְאִיתֶם֙ אֶת־ יְהוָ֔ה כְּב֣וֹד בְּשָׁמְע֥וֹ אֶת־ תְּלֻנֹּתֵיכֶ֖ם עַל־ יְהוָ֑ה מָ֔ה וְנַ֣חְנוּ כִּ֥י תַלּוֹנוּ עָלֵֽינוּ׃ ū·ḇō·qer ū·rə·’î·ṯem ’eṯ- Yah·weh kə·ḇō·wḏ bə·šā·mə·‘ōw ’eṯ- tə·lun·nō·ṯê·ḵem ‘al- Yah·weh māh wə·naḥ·nū kî ṯal·lō·nū ‘ā·lê·nū — WLC · 7
καὶ πρωὶ ὄψεσθε τὴν δόξαν κυρίου ἐν τῷ εἰσακοῦσαι τὸν γογγυσμὸν ὑμῶν ἐπὶ τῷ θεῷ· ἡμεῖς δὲ τί ἐσμεν ὅτι διαγογγύζετε καθ’ ἡμῶν; — LXX Swete · 7
8
And Moses added, “The LORD will give you meat to eat this evening and bread to fill you in the morning, for He has heard your grumbling - against Him. Who are we? Your grumblings are not against us… but against [[YHWH|the LORD]].”
מֹשֶׁ֗ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָה֩ בְּתֵ֣ת לָכֶ֨ם בָּשָׂ֣ר לֶאֱכֹ֗ל בָּעֶ֜רֶב וְלֶ֤חֶם לִשְׂבֹּ֔עַ בַּבֹּ֙קֶר֙ יְהוָה֙ אֶת־ בִּשְׁמֹ֤עַ תְּלֻנֹּ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־ אַתֶּ֥ם עָלָ֑יו מָ֔ה וְנַ֣חְנוּ מַלִּינִ֖ם לֹא־ עָלֵ֥ינוּ תְלֻנֹּתֵיכֶ֖ם כִּ֥י עַל־ יְהוָֽה׃ mō·šeh way·yō·mer Yah·weh bə·ṯêṯ lā·ḵem bā·śār le·’ĕ·ḵōl bā·‘e·reḇ wə·le·ḥem liś·bō·a‘ bab·bō·qer Yah·weh ’eṯ- biš·mō·a‘ tə·lun·nō·ṯê·ḵem ’ă·šer- ’at·tem ‘ā·lāw māh wə·naḥ·nū mal·lî·nim lō- ‘ā·lê·nū ṯə·lun·nō·ṯê·ḵem kî ‘al- Yah·weh — WLC · 8
καὶ εἶπεν Μωυσῆς Ἐν τῷ διδόναι κύριοι ὑμῖν ἑσπέρας κρέα φαγεῖν καὶ ἄρτους τὸ πρωὶ εἰς πλησμονήν, διὰ τὸ εἰσακοῦσαι κύριον τὸν γογγυσμὸν ὑμῶν ὅν ὑμεῖς διαγογγύζετε καθ’ ἡμῶν· ἡμεῖς δὲ τί ἐσμεν; οὐ γὰρ καθ’ ἡμῶν ἐστὶν ὁ γογγυσμὸς ὑμῶν, ἀλλ’ ἢ κατὰ τοῦ θεοῦ. — LXX Swete · 8
9
Then Moses said to… Aaron, “Tell… the whole congregation… of Israel, ‘Come before [[YHWH|the LORD]], for He has heard your grumbling.’”
מֹשֶׁה֙ וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֶֽל־ אַהֲרֹ֔ן אֱמֹ֗ר אֶֽל־ כָּל־ עֲדַת֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל קִרְב֖וּ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה כִּ֣י שָׁמַ֔ע אֵ֖ת תְּלֻנֹּתֵיכֶֽם׃ mō·šeh way·yō·mer ’el- ’a·hă·rōn ’ĕ·mōr ’el- kāl- ‘ă·ḏaṯ bə·nê yiś·rā·’êl qir·ḇū lip̄·nê Yah·weh kî šā·ma‘ ’êṯ tə·lun·nō·ṯê·ḵem — WLC · 9
εἶπεν δὲ Μωυσῆς πρὸς Ἀαρών Εἰπὸν πάσῃ συναγωγῇ υἱῶν Ἰσραήλ Ηροσέλθατε ἐναντίον τοῦ θεοῦ· εἰσακήκοεν γὰρ ὑμῶν τὸν γογγυσμόν. — LXX Swete · 9
10
And as Aaron was speaking to the whole congregation… of Israel, they looked toward the desert, and there in a cloud the glory of [[YHWH|the LORD]] appeared.
וַיְהִ֗י אַהֲרֹן֙ כְּדַבֵּ֤ר אֶל־ כָּל־ עֲדַ֣ת בְּנֵֽי־ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיִּפְנ֖וּ אֶל־ הַמִּדְבָּ֑ר וְהִנֵּה֙ בֶּעָנָֽן׃פ כְּב֣וֹד יְהוָ֔ה נִרְאָ֖ה way·hî ’a·hă·rōn kə·ḏab·bêr ’el- kāl- ‘ă·ḏaṯ bə·nê- yiś·rā·’êl way·yip̄·nū ’el- ham·miḏ·bār wə·hin·nêh be·‘ā·nān kə·ḇō·wḏ Yah·weh nir·’āh — WLC · 10
ἡνίκα δὲ ἐλάλει Ἀαρὼν πάσῃ συναγωγῇ υἶῶν Ἰσραήλ, καὶ ἐπεστράφησαν εἰς τὴν ἔρημον, καὶ ἡ δόξα κυρίου ὤφθη ἐν νεφέλῃ. — LXX Swete · 10
11
Then [[YHWH|the LORD]] said to Moses,…
יְהוָ֖ה וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר אֶל־ מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר׃ Yah·weh way·ḏab·bêr ’el- mō·šeh lê·mōr — WLC · 11
12
“I have heard the grumbling vvv of the Israelites. Tell them,… ‘At twilight you will eat meat, and in the morning you {will} be filled with bread. Then you will know that I am [[YHWH|the LORD]] your God.’”
שָׁמַ֗עְתִּי אֶת־ תְּלוּנֹּת֮ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ דַּבֵּ֨ר אֲלֵהֶ֜ם לֵאמֹ֗ר בֵּ֤ין הָֽעַרְבַּ֙יִם֙ תֹּאכְל֣וּ בָשָׂ֔ר וּבַבֹּ֖קֶר תִּשְׂבְּעוּ־ לָ֑חֶם וִֽידַעְתֶּ֕ם כִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃ šā·ma‘·tî ’eṯ- tə·lūn·nōṯ bə·nê yiś·rā·’êl dab·bêr ’ă·lê·hem lê·mōr bên hā·‘ar·ba·yim tō·ḵə·lū ḇā·śār ū·ḇab·bō·qer tiś·bə·‘ū- lā·ḥem wî·ḏa‘·tem kî ’ă·nî Yah·weh ’ĕ·lō·hê·ḵem — WLC · 12
Εἰσακήκοα τὸν γογγυσμὸν τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραήλ· λάλησον πρὸς αὐτοὺς λέγων Τὸ ἑσπέραν ἔδεσθε κρέα, καὶ τὸ πρωὶ πλησθήσεσθε ἄρτων· καὶ ὅτι ἐγὼ κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὑμῶν. — LXX Swete · 12
13
That evening quail came and covered the camp, and in the morning there was a layer of dew around the camp.
וַיְהִ֣י בָעֶ֔רֶב הַשְּׂלָ֔ו וַתַּ֣עַל וַתְּכַ֖ס אֶת־ הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה וּבַבֹּ֗קֶר הָֽיְתָה֙ שִׁכְבַ֣ת הַטַּ֔ל סָבִ֖יב לַֽמַּחֲנֶֽה׃ way·hî ḇā·‘e·reḇ haś·śə·lāw wat·ta·‘al wat·tə·ḵas ’eṯ- ham·ma·ḥă·neh ū·ḇab·bō·qer hā·yə·ṯāh šiḵ·ḇaṯ haṭ·ṭal sā·ḇîḇ lam·ma·ḥă·neh — WLC · 13
ἐγένετο δὲ ἑσπέρα, κα ὀρτυγομήτρα ὀρτυγομήτρα καὶ ἐκάλυψεν τὴν παρεμβολήν· τὸ πρωὶ ἐγένετο καταπαυομένης τῆς δρόσου κύκλῳ τῆς παρεμβολῆς· — LXX Swete · 13
14
When the layer of dew had evaporated, there were thin flakes on the desert floor, as fine as frost on the ground.
שִׁכְבַ֣ת הַטָּ֑ל וַתַּ֖עַל וְהִנֵּ֞ה דַּ֣ק מְחֻסְפָּ֔ס עַל־ הַמִּדְבָּר֙ פְּנֵ֤י דַּ֥ק כַּכְּפֹ֖ר עַל־ הָאָֽרֶץ׃ šiḵ·ḇaṯ haṭ·ṭāl wat·ta·‘al wə·hin·nêh daq mə·ḥus·pās ‘al- ham·miḏ·bār pə·nê daq kak·kə·p̄ōr ‘al- hā·’ā·reṣ — WLC · 14
καὶ ἰδοὺ ἐπὶ πρόσωπον τῆς ἐρήμου λεπτὸν ὡσεὶ κόριον λευκόν, ὡσεὶ πάγος ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς. — LXX Swete · 14
15
When the Israelites… saw it, they asked one… another, “What is it?” For they did not know what it was. So Moses told them, “It is the bread that [[YHWH|the LORD]] has given you to eat.
בְנֵֽי־ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וַיִּרְא֣וּ וַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ אִ֤ישׁ אֶל־ אָחִיו֙ מָ֣ן ה֔וּא כִּ֛י לֹ֥א יָדְע֖וּ מַה־ ה֑וּא מֹשֶׁה֙ וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֔ם ה֣וּא הַלֶּ֔חֶם אֲשֶׁ֨ר יְהוָ֛ה נָתַ֧ן לָכֶ֖ם לְאָכְלָֽה׃ ḇə·nê- yiś·rā·’êl way·yir·’ū way·yō·mə·rū ’îš ’el- ’ā·ḥîw mān hū kî lō yā·ḏə·‘ū mah- hū mō·šeh way·yō·mer ’ă·lê·hem hū hal·le·ḥem ’ă·šer Yah·weh nā·ṯan lā·ḵem lə·’āḵ·lāh — WLC · 15
ἰδόντες δὲ αὐτὸ οἱ υἱοὶ Ἰσραὴλ εἶπαν ἕτερος τῷ ἑτέρῳ Τί ἐστιν τοῦτο; οὐ γὰρ ᾔδε’ ἴσαν τί ἦν. εἶπεν δὲ Μωυσῆς αὐτοῖς οὗτος ὁ ἄρτος ὃν ἕδωκεν κύριος ὑμῖν Φαγεῖν. — LXX Swete · 15
16
This… is what [[YHWH|the LORD]] has commanded: ‘Each one is to gather as much as he needs. You may take an omer for each… person… in your tent.’”
זֶ֤ה הַדָּבָר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה צִוָּ֣ה אִ֖ישׁ לִקְט֣וּ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ לְפִ֣י אָכְל֑וֹ תִּקָּֽחוּ׃ עֹ֣מֶר לַגֻּלְגֹּ֗לֶת מִסְפַּר֙ נַפְשֹׁ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם אִ֛ישׁ לַאֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּאָהֳל֖וֹ zeh had·dā·ḇār ’ă·šer Yah·weh ṣiw·wāh ’îš liq·ṭū mim·men·nū lə·p̄î ’ā·ḵə·lōw tiq·qā·ḥū ‘ō·mer lag·gul·gō·leṯ mis·par nap̄·šō·ṯê·ḵem ’îš la·’ă·šer bə·’ā·ho·lōw — WLC · 16
τοῦτο τὸ ῥῆμα ὃ συνέταξεν κύριος Συναγάγετε ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ ἕκαστος εἰς τοὺς καθήκοντας, γόμορ κατὰ κεφαλὴν κατὰ ἀριθμὸν ψυχῶν ὑμῶν· ἕκαστος σὺν τοῖς συσκηνίοις ὑμῶν συλλέξατε. — LXX Swete · 16
17
So the Israelites… did this. Some gathered more, and some less.
בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיַּעֲשׂוּ־ כֵ֖ן וַֽיִּלְקְט֔וּ הַמַּרְבֶּ֖ה וְהַמַּמְעִֽיט׃ bə·nê yiś·rā·’êl way·ya·‘ă·śū- ḵên way·yil·qə·ṭū ham·mar·beh wə·ham·mam·‘îṭ — WLC · 17
ἐποίησαν δὲ οὕτως οἱ υἱοὶ Ἰσραήλ, καὶ συνέλεξαν ὁ τὸ πολὺ καὶ ὁ τὸ ἔλαττον. — LXX Swete · 17
18
When they measured it by the omer, he who gathered much had no excess, and he who gathered little had no shortfall. Each one gathered as much as he needed to eat.
וַיָּמֹ֣דּוּ בָעֹ֔מֶר הַמַּרְבֶּ֔ה וְלֹ֤א הֶעְדִּיף֙ וְהַמַּמְעִ֖יט לֹ֣א הֶחְסִ֑יר אִ֥ישׁ לָקָֽטוּ׃ לְפִֽי־ אָכְל֖וֹ way·yā·mōd·dū ḇā·‘ō·mer ham·mar·beh wə·lō he‘·dîp̄ wə·ham·mam·‘îṭ lō heḥ·sîr ’îš lā·qā·ṭū lə·p̄î- ’ā·ḵə·lōw — WLC · 18
καὶ μετρήσαντες τῷ γόμορ, οὐκ ἐπλεόνασεν ὁ τὸ πολύ, καὶ ὁ τὸ ἔλαττον οὐκ ἠλαττόνησεν· ἕκαστος εἰς τοὺς καθήκοντας παρ’ ἑαυτῷ συνέλεξαν. — LXX Swete · 18
19
Then Moses said to them, “No one may keep any of it until morning.”
מֹשֶׁ֖ה וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֑ם אַל־ אִ֕ישׁ יוֹתֵ֥ר מִמֶּ֖נּוּ עַד־ בֹּֽקֶר׃ mō·šeh way·yō·mer ’ă·lê·hem ’al- ’îš yō·w·ṯêr mim·men·nū ‘aḏ- bō·qer — WLC · 19
εἶπεν δὲ Μωυσῆς πρὸς αὐτούς Μηδεὶς καταλιπέτω ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸ πρωί. — LXX Swete · 19
20
But they did not listen to Moses; some people left part of it until morning, and it became infested with maggots and began to smell. So Moses was angry with them.
וְלֹא־ שָׁמְע֣וּ אֶל־ מֹשֶׁ֗ה אֲנָשִׁ֤ים וַיּוֹתִ֨רוּ מִמֶּ֙נּוּ֙ עַד־ בֹּ֔קֶר וַיָּ֥רֻם תּוֹלָעִ֖ים וַיִּבְאַ֑שׁ מֹשֶֽׁה׃ וַיִּקְצֹ֥ף עֲלֵהֶ֖ם wə·lō- šā·mə·‘ū ’el- mō·šeh ’ă·nā·šîm way·yō·w·ṯi·rū mim·men·nū ‘aḏ- bō·qer way·yā·rum tō·w·lā·‘îm way·yiḇ·’aš mō·šeh way·yiq·ṣōp̄ ‘ă·lê·hem — WLC · 20
καὶ οὐκ εἰσήκουσαν Μωυσῆ, ἀλλὰ κατέλιπόν τινες ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸ πρωί· καὶ ἐξέζεσεν σκώληκας καὶ ἐπώζεσεν· καὶ ἐπικράνθη ἐπ’ αὐτοῖς Μωυσῆς. — LXX Swete · 20
21
Every morning… each one gathered as much as was needed, and when the sun grew hot, it melted away.
בַּבֹּ֣קֶר בַּבֹּ֔קֶר אֹתוֹ֙ אִ֖ישׁ וַיִּלְקְט֤וּ כְּפִ֣י אָכְל֑וֹ הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ וְחַ֥ם וְנָמָֽס׃ bab·bō·qer bab·bō·qer ’ō·ṯōw ’îš way·yil·qə·ṭū kə·p̄î ’ā·ḵə·lōw haš·še·meš wə·ḥam wə·nā·mās — WLC · 21
καὶ συνέλεξαν αὐτὸ πρωί· ἡνίκα δὲ διεθέρμαινεν ὁ ἥλιος, ἐτήκετο. — LXX Swete · 21
The Sabbath Observed
22
- On the sixth day, they gathered twice as much food— two omers per person and all the leaders of the congregation came and reported this to Moses.
וַיְהִ֣י׀ הַשִּׁשִּׁ֗י בַּיּ֣וֹם לָֽקְט֥וּ מִשְׁנֶ֔ה לֶ֙חֶם֙ שְׁנֵ֥י הָעֹ֖מֶר לָאֶחָ֑ד כָּל־ נְשִׂיאֵ֣י הָֽעֵדָ֔ה וַיָּבֹ֙אוּ֙ וַיַּגִּ֖ידוּ לְמֹשֶֽׁה׃ way·hî haš·šiš·šî bay·yō·wm lā·qə·ṭū miš·neh le·ḥem šə·nê hā·‘ō·mer lā·’e·ḥāḏ kāl- nə·śî·’ê hā·‘ê·ḏāh way·yā·ḇō·’ū way·yag·gî·ḏū lə·mō·šeh — WLC · 22
ἐγένετο δὲ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἕκτη συνέλεξαν τὰ δέοντα διπλᾶ, δύο γόμορ τῷ ἐνί· εἰσήλθοσαν δὲ πάντες οἱ ἄρχοντες τῆς συναγωγῆς καὶ ἀνήγγειλαν Μωσεῖ. — LXX Swete · 22
23
He told them,… “This is what [[YHWH|the LORD]] has said: ‘Tomorrow [is to be] a day of complete rest, a holy Sabbath to [[YHWH|the LORD]]. So bake what you want to bake, and boil what you want to boil. Then set aside whatever remains and keep it until morning.’”
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֗ם ה֚וּא אֲשֶׁ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה דִּבֶּ֣ר מָחָ֑ר שַׁבָּת֧וֹן קֹ֛דֶשׁ שַׁבַּת־ לַֽיהוָ֖ה אֵ֣ת תֹּאפ֞וּ אֲשֶׁר־ אֵפ֗וּ וְאֵ֤ת תְּבַשְּׁלוּ֙ אֲשֶֽׁר־ בַּשֵּׁ֔לוּ הַנִּ֧יחוּ וְאֵת֙ כָּל־ הָ֣עֹדֵ֔ף לָכֶ֛ם לְמִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת עַד־ הַבֹּֽקֶר׃ way·yō·mer ’ă·lê·hem hū ’ă·šer Yah·weh dib·ber mā·ḥār šab·bā·ṯō·wn qō·ḏeš šab·baṯ- Yah·weh ’êṯ tō·p̄ū ’ă·šer- ’ê·p̄ū wə·’êṯ tə·ḇaš·šə·lū ’ă·šer- baš·šê·lū han·nî·ḥū wə·’êṯ kāl- hā·‘ō·ḏêp̄ lā·ḵem lə·miš·me·reṯ ‘aḏ- hab·bō·qer — WLC · 23
εἶπεν δὲ κύριος πρὸς αὐτούς Oὐ τοῦτό ἐστιν τὸ ῥῆμα ὃ ἐλάλησεν κύριος; σάββατα ἀνάπαυσις ἁγία τῷ κυρίῳ αὔριον· ὅσα ἐὰν πέσσητε πέσσετε, καὶ ὅσα ἐὰν ἕψητε ἕψετε· καὶ πᾶν το πλεονάζον καταλίπετε αὐτὸ εἰς ἀποθήκην εἰς τὸ πρωί. — LXX Swete · 23
24
So they set it aside until morning as Moses had commanded, and it did not smell [or] contain… any maggots.
וַיַּנִּ֤יחוּ אֹתוֹ֙ עַד־ הַבֹּ֔קֶר כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר מֹשֶׁ֑ה צִוָּ֣ה וְלֹ֣א הִבְאִ֔ישׁ לֹא־ הָ֥יְתָה בּֽוֹ׃ וְרִמָּ֖ה way·yan·nî·ḥū ’ō·ṯōw ‘aḏ- hab·bō·qer ka·’ă·šer mō·šeh ṣiw·wāh wə·lō hiḇ·’îš lō- hā·yə·ṯāh bōw wə·rim·māh — WLC · 24
καὶ κατελίποσαν ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸ πρωί, καθὼς συνέταξεν αὐτοῖς Μωυσῆς· καὶ οὐκ ἐπώζεσεν, οὐδὲ σκώληξ ἐγένετο ἐν αὐτοῖς. — LXX Swete · 24
25
“Eat it today…,” Moses said, “because today is a Sabbath to [[YHWH|the LORD]]. Today you will not find anything in the field.
אִכְלֻ֣הוּ הַיּ֔וֹם מֹשֶׁה֙ וַיֹּ֤אמֶר כִּֽי־ הַיּ֖וֹם שַׁבָּ֥ת לַיהוָ֑ה הַיּ֕וֹם לֹ֥א תִמְצָאֻ֖הוּ בַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃ ’iḵ·lu·hū hay·yō·wm mō·šeh way·yō·mer kî- hay·yō·wm šab·bāṯ Yah·weh hay·yō·wm lō ṯim·ṣā·’u·hū baś·śā·ḏeh — WLC · 25
εἶπε Μωυσῆς Φάγετε σήμερον· ἔστιν γὰρ σάββατα σήμερον τῷ κυρίῳ, οὐχ εὑρεθήσεται ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ. — LXX Swete · 25
26
For six days you may gather, but on the seventh day, the Sabbath, it will not be [there]…”
שֵׁ֥שֶׁת יָמִ֖ים תִּלְקְטֻ֑הוּ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֛י וּבַיּ֧וֹם שַׁבָּ֖ת יִֽהְיֶה־ בּֽוֹ׃ לֹ֥א šê·šeṯ yā·mîm til·qə·ṭu·hū haš·šə·ḇî·‘î ū·ḇay·yō·wm šab·bāṯ yih·yeh- bōw lō — WLC · 26
ἓξ ἡμέρας συλλέξετε· τῇ δὲ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἑβδομῃ σάββατα, ὅτι οὐκ ἔσται ἐν αὐτῇ. — LXX Swete · 26
27
Yet on the seventh day some of the people went out to gather, but they did not find anything.
וַֽיְהִי֙ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י בַּיּ֣וֹם מִן־ הָעָ֖ם יָצְא֥וּ לִלְקֹ֑ט וְלֹ֖א מָצָֽאוּ׃ס way·hî haš·šə·ḇî·‘î bay·yō·wm min- hā·‘ām yā·ṣə·’ū lil·qōṭ wə·lō mā·ṣā·’ū — WLC · 27
ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἑβδόμῃ ἐξήλθοσάν τινες ἐκ τοῦ λαοῦ συλλέξαι, καὶ οὐχ εὗρον. — LXX Swete · 27
28
Then [[YHWH|the LORD]] said to Moses, “How long… will you refuse to keep My commandments and instructions?
יְהוָ֖ה וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אֶל־ מֹשֶׁ֑ה עַד־ אָ֙נָה֙ מֵֽאַנְתֶּ֔ם לִשְׁמֹ֥ר מִצְוֺתַ֖י וְתוֹרֹתָֽי׃ Yah·weh way·yō·mer ’el- mō·šeh ‘aḏ- ’ā·nāh mê·’an·tem liš·mōr miṣ·wō·ṯay wə·ṯō·w·rō·ṯāy — WLC · 28
εἶπεν δὲ κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν Ἕως τίνος οὐ βούλεσθε εἰσακούειν τὰς ἐντολάς μου καὶ τὸν νόμον μου; — LXX Swete · 28
29
Understand that [[YHWH|the LORD]] has given you the Sabbath; that is why… on the sixth day He will give you bread for two days. On the seventh day, everyone must stay where he is; no one may leave his place.”
רְא֗וּ כִּֽי־ יְהוָה֮ נָתַ֣ן לָכֶ֣ם הַשַּׁבָּת֒ עַל־ כֵּ֠ן הַשִּׁשִּׁ֖י בַּיּ֥וֹם ה֣וּא נֹתֵ֥ן לָכֶ֛ם לֶ֣חֶם יוֹמָ֑יִם הַשְּׁבִיעִֽי׃ בַּיּ֥וֹם אִ֣ישׁ שְׁב֣וּ׀ תַּחְתָּ֗יו אַל־ אִ֛ישׁ יֵ֥צֵא מִמְּקֹמ֖וֹ rə·’ū kî- Yah·weh nā·ṯan lā·ḵem haš·šab·bāṯ ‘al- kên haš·šiš·šî bay·yō·wm hū nō·ṯên lā·ḵem le·ḥem yō·w·mā·yim haš·šə·ḇî·‘î bay·yō·wm ’îš šə·ḇū taḥ·tāw ’al- ’îš yê·ṣê mim·mə·qō·mōw — WLC · 29
ἴδετε, ὁ γὰρ κύριος ἔδωκεν ὑμῖν τὴν ἡμέραν ταύτην· διὰ τοῦτο αὐτὸς ἐẂκεν ὑμῖν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῆ ἕκτῃ ἄρτους δύο ἡμερῶν· καθήσεσθε ἕκαστος εἰς τοὺς οἴκους ὑμῶν, μηδεὶς ἐκπορευέσθω ἐκ τοῦ τόπου αὐτοῦ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἑβδόμῃ. — LXX Swete · 29
30
So the people rested on the seventh day.
הָעָ֖ם וַיִּשְׁבְּת֥וּ הַשְּׁבִעִֽי׃ בַּיּ֥וֹם hā·‘ām way·yiš·bə·ṯū haš·šə·ḇi·‘î bay·yō·wm — WLC · 30
The Jar of Manna
31
Now the house of Israel called [the bread]… manna. It was white like coriander seed and tasted like wafers made with honey.
בֵֽית־ יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל אֶת־ וַיִּקְרְא֧וּ שְׁמ֖וֹ מָ֑ן וְה֗וּא לָבָ֔ן גַּד֙ כְּזֶ֤רַע וְטַעְמ֖וֹ כְּצַפִּיחִ֥ת בִּדְבָֽשׁ׃ ḇêṯ- yiś·rā·’êl ’eṯ- way·yiq·rə·’ū šə·mōw mān wə·hū lā·ḇān gaḏ kə·ze·ra‘ wə·ṭa‘·mōw kə·ṣap·pî·ḥiṯ biḏ·ḇāš — WLC · 31
καὶ ἐπωνόμασαν αὐτὸ οἱ υἱοὶ Ἰσραὴλ τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ μάν· ἦν δὲ ὡς σπέρμα κορίου λευκόν, τὸ δὲ γεῦμα αὐτοῦ ὡς ἐνκρὶς ἐν μέλιτι. — LXX Swete · 31
32
Moses said, “This… is what [[YHWH|the LORD]]… has commanded: ‘Keep an omer of [manna] for the generations to come, so that they may see the bread I fed you in the wilderness when I brought you out of the land of Egypt.’”
מֹשֶׁ֗ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר זֶ֤ה הַדָּבָר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה מְלֹ֤א צִוָּ֣ה לְמִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת הָעֹ֙מֶר֙ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶ֑ם לְמַ֣עַן׀ יִרְא֣וּ אֶת־ הַלֶּ֗חֶם אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֶאֱכַ֤לְתִּי אֶתְכֶם֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר בְּהוֹצִיאִ֥י אֶתְכֶ֖ם מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃ mō·šeh way·yō·mer zeh had·dā·ḇār ’ă·šer Yah·weh mə·lō ṣiw·wāh lə·miš·me·reṯ hā·‘ō·mer mim·men·nū lə·ḏō·rō·ṯê·ḵem lə·ma·‘an yir·’ū ’eṯ- hal·le·ḥem ’ă·šer he·’ĕ·ḵal·tî ’eṯ·ḵem bam·miḏ·bār bə·hō·w·ṣî·’î ’eṯ·ḵem mê·’e·reṣ miṣ·rā·yim — WLC · 32
εἶπεν δὲ Μωυσῆς τοῦτο τὸ ῥῆμα ὃ συνέταξεν Κύριος Πλήσατε τὸ γόμορ τοῦ μὰν εἰς ἀποθήκην εἰς τὰς γενεὰς ὑμῶν, ἵνα ἴδωσιν τὸν ἄρτον ὃν ἐφάγετε ὑμεῖς ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ ὡς ἐξήγαγεν ὑμᾶς κύριος ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου. — LXX Swete · 32
33
So Moses… told Aaron, “Take a jar and fill it… with an omer of manna. Then place it before [[YHWH|the LORD]] to be preserved for the generations to come.”
מֹשֶׁ֜ה אֶֽל־ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אַהֲרֹ֗ן קַ֚ח אַחַ֔ת צִנְצֶ֣נֶת וְתֶן־ שָׁ֥מָּה מְלֹֽא־ הָעֹ֖מֶר מָ֑ן וְהַנַּ֤ח אֹתוֹ֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה לְמִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶֽם׃ mō·šeh ’el- way·yō·mer ’a·hă·rōn qaḥ ’a·ḥaṯ ṣin·ṣe·neṯ wə·ṯen- šām·māh mə·lō- hā·‘ō·mer mān wə·han·naḥ ’ō·ṯōw lip̄·nê Yah·weh lə·miš·me·reṯ lə·ḏō·rō·ṯê·ḵem — WLC · 33
καὶ εἰπεν Μωσῆς πρὸς Λάβε Λάβε στάμνον χρυσοῦν ἕνα καὶ ἐμβάλετε εἰς αὐτὸν πλῆρες τὸ γόμορ μάν, καὶ ἀποθήσεις αὐτὸ ἐναντίον τοῦ θεοῦ εἰς διατήρησιν εἰς τὰς γενεὰς ὑμῶν, — LXX Swete · 33
34
And Aaron placed it in front of the Testimony, to be preserved just as [[YHWH|the LORD]]… had commanded Moses.
אַהֲרֹ֛ן וַיַּנִּיחֵ֧הוּ לִפְנֵ֥י הָעֵדֻ֖ת לְמִשְׁמָֽרֶת׃ כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־ צִוָּ֥ה מֹשֶׁ֑ה ’a·hă·rōn way·yan·nî·ḥê·hū lip̄·nê hā·‘ê·ḏuṯ lə·miš·mā·reṯ ka·’ă·šer Yah·weh ’el- ṣiw·wāh mō·šeh — WLC · 34
ὃν τρόπον συνέταξεν κύριος τῷ Μωυσῇ. καὶ ἀπέθηκεν Ἀαρὼν ἐναντίον τοῦ θεοῦ εἰς διατήρησιν. — LXX Swete · 34
35
The Israelites… ate manna forty years, until they came to a land where they could settle; they ate manna until they reached… the border vvv of Canaan.
וּבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אָֽכְל֤וּ אֶת־ הַמָּן֙ אַרְבָּעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֔ה עַד־ בֹּאָ֖ם אֶל־ אֶת־ אֶ֣רֶץ נוֹשָׁ֑בֶת אָֽכְל֔וּ הַמָּן֙ עַד־ בֹּאָ֕ם אֶל־ קְצֵ֖ה אֶ֥רֶץ כְּנָֽעַן׃ ū·ḇə·nê yiś·rā·’êl ’ā·ḵə·lū ’eṯ- ham·mān ’ar·bā·‘îm šā·nāh ‘aḏ- bō·’ām ’el- ’eṯ- ’e·reṣ nō·wō·šā·ḇeṯ ’ā·ḵə·lū ham·mān ‘aḏ- bō·’ām ’el- qə·ṣêh ’e·reṣ kə·nā·‘an — WLC · 35
οἱ δὲ υἱοὶ Ἰσραὴλ ἔφαγον τὸ μὰν ἔτη τεσσεράκοντα· ἕως ἦλθον εἰς τὴν οἰκουμένην ἐΦάγοσαν τὸ μάν, ἕως παρqένοντο εἰς μέρος τῆς Φοινίκης. — LXX Swete · 35
36
(Now an omer is a tenth of an ephah…)
וְהָעֹ֕מֶר עֲשִׂרִ֥ית הָאֵיפָ֖ה הֽוּא׃פ wə·hā·‘ō·mer ‘ă·śi·rîṯ hā·’ê·p̄āh hū — WLC · 36
τὸ δὲ γόμορ τὸ δέκατον τῶν τριῶν μέτρων ἦν. — LXX Swete · 36