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Chapter 21
Hebrew Servants
1
[“]These are the ordinances that you are to set before them:
וְאֵ֙לֶּה֙ הַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר תָּשִׂ֖ים לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃ wə·’êl·leh ham·miš·pā·ṭîm ’ă·šer tā·śîm lip̄·nê·hem — WLC · 1
Καὶ ταῦτα τὰ δικαιώματα ἃ παραθήσῃ ἐνώπιον αὐτῶν. XXI — LXX Swete · 1
2
If you buy a Hebrew servant, he is to serve you for six years. But in the seventh [year], he shall go free without paying anything.
כִּ֤י תִקְנֶה֙ עִבְרִ֔י עֶ֣בֶד יַעֲבֹ֑ד שֵׁ֥שׁ שָׁנִ֖ים וּבַ֨שְּׁבִעִ֔ת יֵצֵ֥א לַֽחָפְשִׁ֖י חִנָּֽם׃ kî ṯiq·neh ‘iḇ·rî ‘e·ḇeḏ ya·‘ă·ḇōḏ šêš šā·nîm ū·ḇaš·šə·ḇi·‘iṯ yê·ṣê la·ḥā·p̄ə·šî ḥin·nām — WLC · 2
Ἐὰν κτήσῃ παῖδα Ἐβραῖον, ἕξ ἔτη δουλεύσει σοι· τῷ δὲ ἑβδόμῳ ἔτει ἀπελεύσεται ἐλεύθερος δωρεάν. — LXX Swete · 2
3
If he arrived alone…, he is to leave alone…; if… he arrived with a wife, [she] is to leave with him.
אִם־ יָבֹ֖א בְּגַפּ֥וֹ יֵצֵ֑א בְּגַפּ֣וֹ אִם־ בַּ֤עַל ה֔וּא אִשָּׁה֙ אִשְׁתּ֖וֹ וְיָצְאָ֥ה עִמּֽוֹ׃ ’im- yā·ḇō bə·ḡap·pōw yê·ṣê bə·ḡap·pōw ’im- ba·‘al hū ’iš·šāh ’iš·tōw wə·yā·ṣə·’āh ‘im·mōw — WLC · 3
ἐὰν αὐτὸς μόνος εἰσέλθῃ, καὶ μόνος ἐξελεύσεται· ἐὰν δὲ γυνὴ συνεισέλθῃ μετ’ αὐτοῦ, ἐξελεύσεται καὶ ἡ γυνὴ μετ’ αὐτοῦ. — LXX Swete · 3
4
If his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or daughters, the woman and her children shall belong to her master, and [only] the man shall go free…
אִם־ אֲדֹנָיו֙ יִתֶּן־ ל֣וֹ אִשָּׁ֔ה וְיָלְדָה־ ל֥וֹ בָנִ֖ים א֣וֹ בָנ֑וֹת הָאִשָּׁ֣ה וִילָדֶ֗יהָ תִּהְיֶה֙ לַֽאדֹנֶ֔יהָ וְה֖וּא יֵצֵ֥א בְגַפּֽוֹ׃ ’im- ’ă·ḏō·nāw yit·ten- lōw ’iš·šāh wə·yā·lə·ḏāh- lōw ḇā·nîm ’ōw ḇā·nō·wṯ hā·’iš·šāh wî·lā·ḏe·hā tih·yeh la·ḏō·ne·hā wə·hū yê·ṣê ḇə·ḡap·pōw — WLC · 4
ἐὰν δὲ ὁ κύριος δῷ αὐτῷ γυναῖκα, καὶ τέκη αὐτῷ υἱοὺς ἢ θυγατέρας, ἡ γυνὴ καὶ τὰ παιδία ἔσται τῷ κυρίῳ αὐτοῦ, αὐτὸς δὲ μόνος ἐξελεύσεται. — LXX Swete · 4
5
But if the servant declares…, ‘I love my master and my wife and children; I do not want to go free,’
וְאִם־ הָעֶ֔בֶד אָמֹ֤ר יֹאמַר֙ אָהַ֙בְתִּי֙ אֶת־ אֲדֹנִ֔י אֶת־ אִשְׁתִּ֖י וְאֶת־ בָּנָ֑י לֹ֥א אֵצֵ֖א חָפְשִֽׁי׃ wə·’im- hā·‘e·ḇeḏ ’ā·mōr yō·mar ’ā·haḇ·tî ’eṯ- ’ă·ḏō·nî ’eṯ- ’iš·tî wə·’eṯ- bā·nāy lō ’ê·ṣê ḥā·p̄ə·šî — WLC · 5
ἐὰν δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς εἴπῃ ὁ παῖς Ἠγάπηκα τὸν κύριόν μου καὶ τὴν γυναῖκα καὶ τὰ παιδία, οὐκ ἀποτρέχω ἕλεν θέρος. — LXX Swete · 5
6
then his master is to bring him before the judges. And he shall take him to the door or… doorpost - and pierce his ear with an awl. Then he shall serve his master for life.
אֲדֹנָיו֙ וְהִגִּישׁ֤וֹ אֶל־ הָ֣אֱלֹהִ֔ים וְהִגִּישׁוֹ֙ אֶל־ הַדֶּ֔לֶת א֖וֹ אֶל־ הַמְּזוּזָ֑ה אֲדֹנָ֤יו אֶת־ וְרָצַ֨ע אָזְנוֹ֙ בַּמַּרְצֵ֔עַ וַעֲבָד֖וֹ לְעֹלָֽם׃ס ’ă·ḏō·nāw wə·hig·gî·šōw ’el- hā·’ĕ·lō·hîm wə·hig·gî·šōw ’el- had·de·leṯ ’ōw ’el- ham·mə·zū·zāh ’ă·ḏō·nāw ’eṯ- wə·rā·ṣa‘ ’ā·zə·nōw bam·mar·ṣê·a‘ wa·‘ă·ḇā·ḏōw lə·‘ō·lām — WLC · 6
προσάξει αὐτὸν ὁ κύριος αὐτοῦ πρὸς τὸ κριτήριον τοῦ θεοῦ, καὶ τότε προσάξει αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τὴν θύραν ἐπὶ τὸν σταθμὸν καἰ τρυπήσει ὁ κύριος αὐτοῦ τὸ οὖς τῷ ὀπητίῳ, καὶ δουλεύσει αὐτῷ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα. — LXX Swete · 6
7
And if a man sells his daughter as a servant, she is not to go free… as the menservants do.
וְכִֽי־ אִ֛ישׁ אֶת־ יִמְכֹּ֥ר בִּתּ֖וֹ לְאָמָ֑ה לֹ֥א תֵצֵ֖א כְּצֵ֥את הָעֲבָדִֽים׃ wə·ḵî- ’îš ’eṯ- yim·kōr bit·tōw lə·’ā·māh lō ṯê·ṣê kə·ṣêṯ hā·‘ă·ḇā·ḏîm — WLC · 7
Ἐὰν δέ τις ἀποδῶται τὴν ἑαυτοῦ θυγατέρα οἰκέτιν, οὐκ ἀπελεύσεται ὥσπερ ἀποτρέχουσιν αἱ δοῦλαι. — LXX Swete · 7
8
If she is displeasing in the eyes of her master who had designated her for himself, he must allow her to be redeemed. He has no right to sell her to foreigners…, since he has broken faith with her.
אִם־ רָעָ֞ה בְּעֵינֵ֧י אֲדֹנֶ֛יהָ אֲשֶׁר־ יְעָדָ֖הּ וְהֶפְדָּ֑הּ לֹא יִמְשֹׁ֥ל לְמָכְרָ֖הּ לְעַ֥ם נָכְרִ֛י לֹא־ בְּבִגְדוֹ־ בָֽהּ׃ ’im- rā·‘āh bə·‘ê·nê ’ă·ḏō·ne·hā ’ă·šer- yə·‘ā·ḏāh wə·hep̄·dāh lō yim·šōl lə·mā·ḵə·rāh lə·‘am nā·ḵə·rî lō- bə·ḇiḡ·ḏōw- ḇāh — WLC · 8
ἐὰν μὴ εὐαρεστήσῃ τῷ κυρίῳ αὐτῆςἣναὐτῷ καθωμολογήσατο, ἀπολυτρώσει αὐτήν· ἔθνει δὲ ἀλλοτρίῳ οὐ κύριός ἐστιν πωλεῖν αὐτήν, ὅτι ἠθέτησεν ἐν αὐτῇ. — LXX Swete · 8
9
And if he chooses her for his son, he must deal with her as with a daughter.
וְאִם־ יִֽיעָדֶ֑נָּה לִבְנ֖וֹ יַעֲשֶׂה־ לָּֽהּ׃ כְּמִשְׁפַּ֥ט הַבָּנ֖וֹת wə·’im- yî·‘ā·ḏen·nāh liḇ·nōw ya·‘ă·śeh- lāh kə·miš·paṭ hab·bā·nō·wṯ — WLC · 9
ἐὰν δὲ τῷ υἱῷ καθομολογήσηται αὐτήν, κατὰ τὸ δικαίωμα τῶν θυγατέρων ποιήσει αὐτῇ. — LXX Swete · 9
10
If he takes another wife, he must not reduce the food, clothing, or marital rights [of his first wife].
אִם־ יִֽקַּֽח־ ל֑וֹ אַחֶ֖רֶת לֹ֥א יִגְרָֽע׃ שְׁאֵרָ֛הּ כְּסוּתָ֥הּ וְעֹנָתָ֖הּ ’im- yiq·qaḥ- lōw ’a·ḥe·reṯ lō yiḡ·rā‘ šə·’ê·rāh kə·sū·ṯāh wə·‘ō·nā·ṯāh — WLC · 10
ἐὰν δὲ ἄλλην λάβῃ, τὰ δέοντα καὶ τὸν ἱματισμὸν καὶ τὴν ὁμιλίαν αὐτῆς οὐκ ἀποστερήσει. — LXX Swete · 10
11
If, however, he does not provide her with these three things, she is free to go… without monetary payment.
וְאִם־ לֹ֥א יַעֲשֶׂ֖ה לָ֑הּ אֵ֔לֶּה שְׁלָ֨שׁ־ וְיָצְאָ֥ה חִנָּ֖ם אֵ֥ין כָּֽסֶף׃ס wə·’im- lō ya·‘ă·śeh lāh ’êl·leh šə·lāš- wə·yā·ṣə·’āh ḥin·nām ’ên kā·sep̄ — WLC · 11
δέοντα δὲ τὰ τρία ταῦτα μὴ ποιήσῃ αὐτῇ, ἐξελεύσεται δωρεὰν ἄνευ ἀργυρίου. — LXX Swete · 11
Personal Injury Laws
12
Whoever strikes and kills a man must surely be put to death…
מַכֵּ֥ה וָמֵ֖ת אִ֛ישׁ מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת׃ mak·kêh wā·mêṯ ’îš mō·wṯ yū·māṯ — WLC · 12
Ἐὰν δὲ πατάξῃ τίς τινα καὶ ἀποθάνῃ, θανάτῳ θανατούσθω· — LXX Swete · 12
13
If, however, he did not lie in wait, but God allowed it to happen…, then I will appoint for you a place where he may flee…
וַאֲשֶׁר֙ לֹ֣א צָדָ֔ה וְהָאֱלֹהִ֖ים אִנָּ֣ה לְיָד֑וֹ וְשַׂמְתִּ֤י לְךָ֙ מָק֔וֹם אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָנ֖וּס שָֽׁמָּה׃ס wa·’ă·šer lō ṣā·ḏāh wə·hā·’ĕ·lō·hîm ’in·nāh lə·yā·ḏōw wə·śam·tî lə·ḵā mā·qō·wm ’ă·šer yā·nūs šām·māh — WLC · 13
ὁ δὲ οὐχ ἑκών, ἀλλὰ ὁ θεὸς παρέδωκεν εἰς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτοῦ, δώσω σοι τόπον οὗ φεύξεται ἐκεῖ ὁ φονεύσας. — LXX Swete · 13
14
But if a man schemes and acts willfully against his neighbor to kill him, you must take him away from My altar to be put to death.
וְכִֽי־ אִ֛ישׁ בְעָרְמָ֑ה יָזִ֥ד עַל־ רֵעֵ֖הוּ לְהָרְג֣וֹ תִּקָּחֶ֖נּוּ מֵעִ֣ם מִזְבְּחִ֔י לָמֽוּת׃ס wə·ḵî- ’îš ḇə·‘ā·rə·māh yā·ziḏ ‘al- rê·‘ê·hū lə·hā·rə·ḡōw tiq·qā·ḥen·nū mê·‘im miz·bə·ḥî lā·mūṯ — WLC · 14
ἐὰν δέ τις ἐπιθῆται τῷ πλησίον ἀποκτεῖναι αὐτὸν δόλῳ καὶ καταφύγῃ, ἀπὸ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου μου λήμψῃ αὐτὸν θανατῶσαι. — LXX Swete · 14
15
Whoever strikes his father or mother must surely be put to death…
וּמַכֵּ֥ה אָבִ֛יו וְאִמּ֖וֹ מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת׃ ū·mak·kêh ’ā·ḇîw wə·’im·mōw mō·wṯ yū·māṯ — WLC · 15
Ὃς τύπτει πατέρα αὐτοῦ ἢ μητέρα αὐτοῦ, θανάτῳ θανατούσθω. — LXX Swete · 15
16
Whoever kidnaps another man must be put to death…, whether he sells him or the man is found in his possession.
וְגֹנֵ֨ב אִ֧ישׁ מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת׃ס וּמְכָר֛וֹ וְנִמְצָ֥א בְיָד֖וֹ wə·ḡō·nêḇ ’îš mō·wṯ yū·māṯ ū·mə·ḵā·rōw wə·nim·ṣā ḇə·yā·ḏōw — WLC · 16
Ὁ κακολογῶν πατέρα αὐτοῦ ἢ μητέρα αὐτοῦ τελευτήσει θανάτῳ. — LXX Swete · 16
17
Anyone who curses his father or mother must surely be put to death…
וּמְקַלֵּ֥ל אָבִ֛יו וְאִמּ֖וֹ מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת׃ס ū·mə·qal·lêl ’ā·ḇîw wə·’im·mōw mō·wṯ yū·māṯ — WLC · 17
Ὃς ἐὰν κλέψῃ τίς τινα τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ καὶ καταδυναστεύσας αὐτὸν ἀποδῶται, καὶ εὑρεθῇ ἐν αὐτῷ, θανάτῳ τελευτάτω. — LXX Swete · 17
18
If men are quarreling and one strikes the other with a stone or a fist, and he does not die but is confined to bed,
וְכִֽי־ אֲנָשִׁ֔ים יְרִיבֻ֣ן אִישׁ֙ אֶת־ וְהִכָּה־ רֵעֵ֔הוּ בְּאֶ֖בֶן א֣וֹ בְאֶגְרֹ֑ף וְלֹ֥א יָמ֖וּת וְנָפַ֥ל לְמִשְׁכָּֽב׃ wə·ḵî- ’ă·nā·šîm yə·rî·ḇun ’îš ’eṯ- wə·hik·kāh- rê·‘ê·hū bə·’e·ḇen ’ōw ḇə·’eḡ·rōp̄ wə·lō yā·mūṯ wə·nā·p̄al lə·miš·kāḇ — WLC · 18
Ἐὰν δὲ λοιδορῶνται δύο ἄνδρες καὶ πατάξωσιν τὸν πλησίον λίθῳ ἢ πυγμῇ, καὶ μὴ ἀποθάνῃ, κατακλιθῇ δὲ ἐπὶ τὴν κοίτην, — LXX Swete · 18
19
then the one who struck him shall go unpunished, as long as the other can get up and walk around outside with his staff. Nevertheless, he must compensate the man for his lost work and see that he is completely healed…
הַמַּכֶּ֑ה וְנִקָּ֣ה אִם־ יָק֞וּם וְהִתְהַלֵּ֥ךְ בַּח֛וּץ עַל־ מִשְׁעַנְתּ֖וֹ רַ֥ק יִתֵּ֖ן שִׁבְתּ֛וֹ וְרַפֹּ֥א יְרַפֵּֽא׃ס ham·mak·keh wə·niq·qāh ’im- yā·qūm wə·hiṯ·hal·lêḵ ba·ḥūṣ ‘al- miš·‘an·tōw raq yit·tên šiḇ·tōw wə·rap·pō yə·rap·pê — WLC · 19
ἐὰν ἐξαναστὰς ὁ ἄνθρωπος περιπατήσῃ ἔξω ἐπὶ ῥάβδου, ἀθῷος ἱστᾶι ὁ πατάξας· πλὴν τῆς ἀργίας αὐτοῦ ἀποτίσει καὶ τὰ ἰατρεῖα. — LXX Swete · 19
20
If a man strikes his manservant or maidservant with a rod, and the servant dies by his hand, he shall surely be punished…
וְכִֽי־ אִ֨ישׁ אֶת־ יַכֶּה֩ עַבְדּ֜וֹ א֤וֹ אֶת־ אֲמָתוֹ֙ בַּשֵּׁ֔בֶט וּמֵ֖ת תַּ֣חַת יָד֑וֹ נָקֹ֖ם יִנָּקֵֽם׃ wə·ḵî- ’îš ’eṯ- yak·keh ‘aḇ·dōw ’ōw ’eṯ- ’ă·mā·ṯōw baš·šê·ḇeṭ ū·mêṯ ta·ḥaṯ yā·ḏōw nā·qōm yin·nā·qêm — WLC · 20
Ἐὰν δέ τις πατάξῃ τὸν παῖδα αὐτοῦ ἢ τὴν παιδίσκην αὐτοῦ ἐν ῥάβδῳ, καὶ ἀποθάνῃ ὑπὸ τὰς χεῖρας αὐτοῦ, δίκῃ ἐκδικηθήτω. — LXX Swete · 20
21
However, if [the servant] gets up after a day or two, the owner shall not be punished, since [the servant is] his property.
אַ֥ךְ אִם־ יַעֲמֹ֑ד י֛וֹם א֥וֹ יוֹמַ֖יִם לֹ֣א יֻקַּ֔ם כִּ֥י הֽוּא׃ס כַסְפּ֖וֹ ’aḵ ’im- ya·‘ă·mōḏ yō·wm ’ōw yō·w·ma·yim lō yuq·qam kî hū ḵas·pōw — WLC · 21
ἐὰν δὲ διαβιώσῃ ἡμέραν μίαν ἢ δύο, οὐκ ἐκδικηθήσεται· τὸ γὰρ ἀργύριον αὐτοῦ ἐστίν. — LXX Swete · 21
22
If men who are fighting strike a pregnant woman and her child is born prematurely, but there is no [further] injury, he shall surely be fined… as the woman’s husband demands and as the court allows…
וְכִֽי־ אֲנָשִׁ֗ים יִנָּצ֣וּ וְנָ֨גְפ֜וּ הָרָה֙ אִשָּׁ֤ה יְלָדֶ֔יהָ וְיָצְא֣וּ יִהְיֶ֖ה וְלֹ֥א אָס֑וֹן עָנ֣וֹשׁ יֵעָנֵ֗שׁ כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֨ר הָֽאִשָּׁ֔ה בַּ֣עַל יָשִׁ֤ית עָלָיו֙ וְנָתַ֖ן בִּפְלִלִֽים׃ wə·ḵî- ’ă·nā·šîm yin·nā·ṣū wə·nā·ḡə·p̄ū hā·rāh ’iš·šāh yə·lā·ḏe·hā wə·yā·ṣə·’ū yih·yeh wə·lō ’ā·sō·wn ‘ā·nō·wōš yê·‘ā·nêš ka·’ă·šer hā·’iš·šāh ba·‘al yā·šîṯ ‘ā·lāw wə·nā·ṯan bip̄·li·lîm — WLC · 22
Ἐὰν δὲ μάχωνται δύο ἄνδρες καὶ πατάξωσιν γυναῖκα ἐν γαστρὶ ἐχουσαν, καὶ ἐξέλθῃ τὸ παιδίον αὐτῆς μὴ ἐξεικονισμένον, ἐπιζήμιον ζημιωθήσεται· καθότι ἂν ἐπιβάλῃ ὁ ἀνὴρ τῆς γυναικός, δώσει μετὰ ἀξιώματος· — LXX Swete · 22
23
But if a serious injury results, then you must require a life for a life—
וְאִם־ אָס֖וֹן יִהְיֶ֑ה וְנָתַתָּ֥ה נֶ֖פֶשׁ תַּ֥חַת נָֽפֶשׁ׃ wə·’im- ’ā·sō·wn yih·yeh wə·nā·ṯat·tāh ne·p̄eš ta·ḥaṯ nā·p̄eš — WLC · 23
ἐὰν δὲ ἐξεικονισμένον ἦν, δώσει ψυχὴν ἀντὶ ψυχῆς, — LXX Swete · 23
24
eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,
עַ֚יִן תַּ֣חַת עַ֔יִן שֵׁ֖ן תַּ֣חַת שֵׁ֑ן יָ֚ד תַּ֣חַת יָ֔ד רֶ֖גֶל תַּ֥חַת רָֽגֶל׃ ‘a·yin ta·ḥaṯ ‘a·yin šên ta·ḥaṯ šên yāḏ ta·ḥaṯ yāḏ re·ḡel ta·ḥaṯ rā·ḡel — WLC · 24
ὀφθαλμὸν ἀντὶ ὀφθαλμοῦ, ὀδόντα ἀντὶ ὀδόντος, χεῖρα ἀντὶ χειρός, πόδα ἀντὶ ποδός, — LXX Swete · 24
25
burn for burn, wound for wound, [and] stripe for stripe.
כְּוִיָּה֙ תַּ֣חַת כְּוִיָּ֔ה פֶּ֖צַע תַּ֣חַת פָּ֑צַע חַבּוּרָ֕ה תַּ֖חַת חַבּוּרָֽה׃ס kə·wî·yāh ta·ḥaṯ kə·wî·yāh pe·ṣa‘ ta·ḥaṯ pā·ṣa‘ ḥab·bū·rāh ta·ḥaṯ ḥab·bū·rāh — WLC · 25
κατάκαυμα ἀντὶ κατακαύματος, τραῦμα ἀντὶ τραύματος, μώλωπα ἀντὶ μώλωπος. — LXX Swete · 25
26
If a man strikes and blinds the eye of his manservant or maidservant, he must let the servant go free as compensation for… the eye.
וְכִֽי־ אִ֜ישׁ אֶת־ יַכֶּ֨ה וְשִֽׁחֲתָ֑הּ עֵ֥ין עַבְדּ֛וֹ אֽוֹ־ אֶת־ אֲמָת֖וֹ יְשַׁלְּחֶ֖נּוּ לַֽחָפְשִׁ֥י תַּ֥חַת עֵינֽוֹ׃ס עֵ֥ין wə·ḵî- ’îš ’eṯ- yak·keh wə·ši·ḥă·ṯāh ‘ên ‘aḇ·dōw ’ōw- ’eṯ- ’ă·mā·ṯōw yə·šal·lə·ḥen·nū la·ḥā·p̄ə·šî ta·ḥaṯ ‘ê·nōw ‘ên — WLC · 26
Ἐὰν δέ τις πατάξῃ τὸν ὀφθαλμὸν τοῦ οἰκέτου αὐτοῦ ἢ τὸν ὀφθαλμὸν τῆς θεραπαίνης αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐκτυφλώσῃ, ἐλευθέρους ἐξαποστελεῖ αὐτοὺς ἀντὶ τοῦ ὀφθαλμοῦ αὐτῶν. — LXX Swete · 26
27
And if he knocks out the tooth of his manservant or maidservant, he must let the servant go free as compensation for… the tooth.
וְאִם־ יַפִּ֑יל שֵׁ֥ן עַבְדּ֛וֹ אֽוֹ־ אֲמָת֖וֹ יְשַׁלְּחֶ֖נּוּ לַֽחָפְשִׁ֥י תַּ֥חַת שִׁנּֽוֹ׃פ שֵׁ֥ן wə·’im- yap·pîl šên ‘aḇ·dōw ’ōw- ’ă·mā·ṯōw yə·šal·lə·ḥen·nū la·ḥā·p̄ə·šî ta·ḥaṯ šin·nōw šên — WLC · 27
ἐὰν δὲ τὸν ὀδόντα τοῦ οἰκέτου ἢ τὸν ὀδόντα τῆς θεραπαίνης αὐτοῦ ἐκκόψῃ, ἐλευθέρους ἐξαποστελεῖ αὐτοὺς ἀντὶ τοῦ ὀδόντος αὐτῶν. — LXX Swete · 27
28
If an ox gores a man or woman to death, the ox must surely be stoned…, and its meat must not be eaten. But the owner of the ox shall not be held responsible.
וְכִֽי־ שׁ֥וֹר אֶת־ יִגַּ֨ח אִ֛ישׁ א֥וֹ אֶת־ אִשָּׁ֖ה וָמֵ֑ת הַשּׁ֗וֹר סָק֨וֹל יִסָּקֵ֜ל בְּשָׂר֔וֹ וְלֹ֤א יֵאָכֵל֙ אֶת־ וּבַ֥עַל הַשּׁ֖וֹר נָקִֽי׃ wə·ḵî- šō·wr ’eṯ- yig·gaḥ ’îš ’ōw ’eṯ- ’iš·šāh wā·mêṯ haš·šō·wr sā·qō·wl yis·sā·qêl bə·śā·rōw wə·lō yê·’ā·ḵêl ’eṯ- ū·ḇa·‘al haš·šō·wr nā·qî — WLC · 28
Ἐὰν δὲ κερατίσῃ ταῦρος ἄνδρα ἢ αἰ ἀποθάνῃ, λίθοις λιθοβοληθήσεται ὁ ταῦρος, καὶ οὐ βρωθήσεται ἁ κρέα αὐτοῦ· ὁ δὲ κύριος τοῦ ταύρου ἀθῷος ἔσται. — LXX Swete · 28
29
But if the ox has a habit… of goring,… and its owner has been warned yet does not restrain it, and it kills a man or woman, then the ox must be stoned and its owner must also be put to death.
וְאִ֡ם שׁוֹר֩ מִתְּמֹ֣ל שִׁלְשֹׁ֗ם נַגָּ֨ח ה֜וּא בִּבְעָלָיו֙ וְהוּעַ֤ד וְלֹ֣א יִשְׁמְרֶ֔נּוּ וְהֵמִ֥ית אִ֖ישׁ א֣וֹ אִשָּׁ֑ה הַשּׁוֹר֙ יִסָּקֵ֔ל בְּעָלָ֖יו וְגַם־ יוּמָֽת׃ wə·’im šō·wr mit·tə·mōl šil·šōm nag·gāḥ hū biḇ·‘ā·lāw wə·hū·‘aḏ wə·lō yiš·mə·ren·nū wə·hê·mîṯ ’îš ’ōw ’iš·šāh haš·šō·wr yis·sā·qêl bə·‘ā·lāw wə·ḡam- yū·māṯ — WLC · 29
ἐὰν δὲ ὁ ταῦρος κερατιστὴς ᾖ πρὸ τῆς ἐχθὲς καὶ πρὸ τῆς τρίτης, καὶ ρωνται τῷ κυρίῳ αὐτοῦ, καὶ μὴ ἀφανίσῃ αὐτόν, ἀνέλῃ δὲ ἄνδρα ἢ γυναῖκα, ὁ ταῦρος λιθοβοληθήσεται καὶ ὁ κύριος αὐτοῦ προσαποαι. — LXX Swete · 29
30
If payment is demanded of him {instead}, he may redeem his life by paying the full amount demanded of him.
אִם־ כֹּ֖פֶר יוּשַׁ֣ת עָלָ֑יו פִּדְיֹ֣ן נַפְשׁ֔וֹ וְנָתַן֙ כְּכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־ יוּשַׁ֖ת עָלָֽיו׃ ’im- kō·p̄er yū·šaṯ ‘ā·lāw piḏ·yōn nap̄·šōw wə·nā·ṯan kə·ḵōl ’ă·šer- yū·šaṯ ‘ā·lāw — WLC · 30
ἐὰν δὲ λύτρα ἐπιβληθῇ αὐτῷ, δώσει λύτρα τῆς ψυχῆς ὅσα ἐὰν ἐπιβάλωσιν αὐτῷ. — LXX Swete · 30
31
If [the ox] gores a son or a daughter,… it shall be done to him according to the same rule.
אוֹ־ יִגָּ֖ח בֵ֥ן אוֹ־ בַ֣ת יִגָּ֑ח יֵעָ֥שֶׂה לּֽוֹ׃ הַזֶּ֖ה כַּמִּשְׁפָּ֥ט ’ōw- yig·gāḥ ḇên ’ōw- ḇaṯ yig·gāḥ yê·‘ā·śeh lōw haz·zeh kam·miš·pāṭ — WLC · 31
ἐὰν δὲ υἱὸν ἢ θυγατέρα κερατίσῃ, κατὰ τὸ δικαίωμα τοῦτο ποιήσουσιν αὐτῷ. — LXX Swete · 31
32
If the ox gores a manservant or maidservant, [the owner] must pay thirty shekels of silver to the master of that servant, and the ox must be stoned.
אִם־ הַשּׁ֖וֹר יִגַּ֥ח עֶ֛בֶד א֣וֹ אָמָ֑ה יִתֵּן֙ שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים שְׁקָלִ֗ים כֶּ֣סֶף׀ לַֽאדֹנָ֔יו וְהַשּׁ֖וֹר יִסָּקֵֽל׃ס ’im- haš·šō·wr yig·gaḥ ‘e·ḇeḏ ’ōw ’ā·māh yit·tên šə·lō·šîm šə·qā·lîm ke·sep̄ la·ḏō·nāw wə·haš·šō·wr yis·sā·qêl — WLC · 32
ἐὰν δὲ παῖδα κερατίσῃ ὁ ταῦρος ἢ παιδίσκην, ἀργυρίου τριάκοντα δίδραχμα δώσει τῷ κυρίῳ σὐτῶν, καὶ ὁ ταῦρος λιθοβοληθήσεται. — LXX Swete · 32
33
If a man opens or… digs… a pit and fails to cover it, and an ox or a donkey falls into it,
וְכִֽי־ אִ֜ישׁ יִפְתַּ֨ח בּ֗וֹר א֠וֹ כִּֽי־ יִכְרֶ֥ה אִ֛ישׁ בֹּ֖ר וְלֹ֣א יְכַסֶּ֑נּוּ שּׁ֖וֹר א֥וֹ חֲמֽוֹר׃ וְנָֽפַל־ שָׁ֥מָּה wə·ḵî- ’îš yip̄·taḥ bō·wr ’ōw kî- yiḵ·reh ’îš bōr wə·lō yə·ḵas·sen·nū šō·wr ’ōw ḥă·mō·wr wə·nā·p̄al- šām·māh — WLC · 33
34
the owner of the pit shall make restitution; he must pay… its owner, and the dead [animal] will be his.
בַּ֤עַל הַבּוֹר֙ יְשַׁלֵּ֔ם יָשִׁ֣יב כֶּ֖סֶף לִבְעָלָ֑יו וְהַמֵּ֖ת יִֽהְיֶה־ לּֽוֹ׃ס ba·‘al hab·bō·wr yə·šal·lêm yā·šîḇ ke·sep̄ liḇ·‘ā·lāw wə·ham·mêṯ yih·yeh- lōw — WLC · 34
ὁ κύριος τοῦ λάκκου ἀποτίσει· ἀργύριον δώσει τῷ κυρίῳ αὐτῶν, τὸ δὲ τετελευτηκὸς αὐτῷ ἔσται. — LXX Swete · 34
35
If a man’s ox injures his neighbor’s ox and it dies, they must sell the live [one] and divide the proceeds; they also must divide the dead animal.
וְכִֽי־ אִ֛ישׁ אֶת־ שֽׁוֹר־ יִגֹּ֧ף רֵעֵ֖הוּ שׁ֥וֹר וָמֵ֑ת וּמָ֨כְר֜וּ אֶת־ הַחַי֙ הַשּׁ֤וֹר וְחָצ֣וּ אֶת־ כַּסְפּ֔וֹ וְגַ֥ם אֶת־ יֶֽחֱצֽוּן׃ הַמֵּ֖ת wə·ḵî- ’îš ’eṯ- šō·wr- yig·gōp̄ rê·‘ê·hū šō·wr wā·mêṯ ū·mā·ḵə·rū ’eṯ- ha·ḥay haš·šō·wr wə·ḥā·ṣū ’eṯ- kas·pōw wə·ḡam ’eṯ- ye·ḥĕ·ṣūn ham·mêṯ — WLC · 35
Ἐὰν δὲ κερατίσῃ τίς τινος ταῦρος ταῦρον τοῦ πλησίον καὶ τελευτήσῃ, ἀποδώσονται τὸν ταῦρον τὸν ζῶντα καὶ διελοῦνται τὸ ἀργύριον αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὸν ταῦρον τὸν τεθνηκότα διελοῦνται. — LXX Swete · 35
36
But if it was known that the ox had a habit… of goring,… yet its owner failed to restrain it, he shall pay full compensation…, ox for ox, and the dead [animal] will be his.
א֣וֹ נוֹדַ֗ע כִּ֠י שׁ֣וֹר מִתְּמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ם נַגָּ֥ח הוּא֙ בְּעָלָ֑יו וְלֹ֥א יִשְׁמְרֶ֖נּוּ שַׁלֵּ֨ם יְשַׁלֵּ֥ם שׁוֹר֙ תַּ֣חַת הַשּׁ֔וֹר וְהַמֵּ֖ת יִֽהְיֶה־ לּֽוֹ׃ס ’ōw nō·w·ḏa‘ kî šō·wr mit·tə·mō·wl šil·šōm nag·gāḥ hū bə·‘ā·lāw wə·lō yiš·mə·ren·nū šal·lêm yə·šal·lêm šō·wr ta·ḥaṯ haš·šō·wr wə·ham·mêṯ yih·yeh- lōw — WLC · 36
ἐὰν δὲ γνωρίζηται ὁ ταῦρος ὅτι κερατιστῆς ἐστιν πρὸ τῆς ἐχθὲς καὶ πρὸ τῆς τρίτης ἡμέρας, καὶ μεμαρτυρημένοι ὦσιν τῷ κυρίῳ, καὶ μὴ ἀφανίσῃ αὐτόν, ἀποτίσει ταῦρον ἀντὶ ταύρου, ὁ δὲ τετελευτηκὼς αὐτῷ ἔσται. — LXX Swete · 36