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Chapter 17
The Place of Sacrifice
1
Then [[YHWH|the LORD]] said to Moses…,
יְהוָ֖ה וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר אֶל־ מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר׃ Yah·weh way·ḏab·bêr ’el- mō·šeh lê·mōr — WLC · 1
2
“Speak to Aaron,… his sons,… and all the Israelites… and tell them this… is what [[YHWH|the LORD]]… has commanded:
דַּבֵּ֨ר אֶֽל־ אַהֲרֹ֜ן וְאֶל־ בָּנָ֗יו וְאֶל֙ כָּל־ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאָמַרְתָּ֖ אֲלֵיהֶ֑ם זֶ֣ה הַדָּבָ֔ר אֲשֶׁר־ יְהוָ֖ה לֵאמֹֽר׃ צִוָּ֥ה dab·bêr ’el- ’a·hă·rōn wə·’el- bā·nāw wə·’el kāl- bə·nê yiś·rā·’êl wə·’ā·mar·tā ’ă·lê·hem zeh had·dā·ḇār ’ă·šer- Yah·weh lê·mōr ṣiw·wāh — WLC · 2
Λάλησον πρὸς Ἀαρὼν καὶ πρὸς τοὺς υἱοὺς αὐτοῦ καὶ πρὸς πάντας υἱοὺς Ἰσραὴλ καὶ ἐρεῖς πρὸς αὐτούς τοῦτο τὸ ῥῆμα ὃ ἐνετείλατο Κύριος λέγων — LXX Swete · 2
3
‘Anyone… from the house of Israel who slaughters an ox, a lamb, or a goat in the camp… - or outside of [it]
אִ֥ישׁ אִישׁ֙ מִבֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִשְׁחַ֜ט שׁ֥וֹר כֶ֛שֶׂב אוֹ־ עֵ֖ז בַּֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה א֚וֹ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אוֹ־ יִשְׁחַ֔ט מִח֖וּץ לַֽמַּחֲנֶֽה׃ ’îš ’îš mib·bêṯ yiś·rā·’êl ’ă·šer yiš·ḥaṭ šō·wr ḵe·śeḇ ’ōw- ‘êz bam·ma·ḥă·neh ’ōw ’ă·šer ’ōw- yiš·ḥaṭ mi·ḥūṣ lam·ma·ḥă·neh — WLC · 3
Ἄνθρωπος ἄνθρωπος τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ ἢ τῶν προσηλύτων ἢ τῶν πρὸ ἐν ὑμῖν ὄις ἂν σφάξῃ μόσχον ἢ πρόβατον ἢ αἶγα ἐν τῇ παρεμβολῇ καὶ ὃς ἂν σφάξῃ ἔξω τῆς παρεμβολῆς — LXX Swete · 3
4
instead of bringing it to the entrance to the Tent of Meeting to present it as an offering to [[YHWH|the LORD]] before His tabernacle— that man shall incur bloodguilt. He has shed blood and must be cut off… from among his people.
לֹ֣א הֱבִיאוֹ֒ וְאֶל־ פֶּ֜תַח אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵד֮ לְהַקְרִ֤יב קָרְבָּן֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה לִפְנֵ֖י יְהוָ֑ה מִשְׁכַּ֣ן הַהוּא֙ לָאִ֤ישׁ יֵחָשֵׁ֞ב דָּ֣ם שָׁפָ֔ךְ דָּ֣ם וְנִכְרַ֛ת הָאִ֥ישׁ הַה֖וּא מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמּֽוֹ׃ lō hĕ·ḇî·’ōw wə·’el- pe·ṯaḥ ’ō·hel mō·w·‘êḏ lə·haq·rîḇ qār·bān Yah·weh lip̄·nê Yah·weh miš·kan ha·hū lā·’îš yê·ḥā·šêḇ dām šā·p̄āḵ dām wə·niḵ·raṯ hā·’îš ha·hū miq·qe·reḇ ‘am·mōw — WLC · 4
καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν θύραν τῆς σκηνῆς τοῦ μαρτυρίου μὴ ἐνέγκῃ ὥστε ποιῆσαι αὐτὸ εἰς ὁλοκαύτωμα ἢ σωτήριον κυρίῳ δεκτὸν εἰς ὀσμὴν εὐωδίας, καὶ ὃς ἂν σφάξῃ ἔξω καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν θύραν τῆς σκηνῆς τοῦ μαρτυρίου μὴ ἐνέγκῃ αὐτὸ ὥστε μὴ προσεωέγκαι δῶρον Κυρίῳ ἀπέναντι τῆς σκηνῆς κυρίου, καὶ λογισθήσεται τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ ἐκείνῳ αἷμα· αἷμα ἐξέχ·εεν, ἐξολεθρευθήσεται ἡ ψυχὴ ἐκείνη ἐκ τοῦ λαοῦ αὐτῆς. — LXX Swete · 4
5
For this reason the Israelites… will bring to [[YHWH|the LORD]] the sacrifices they have been offering in the open fields. They are to bring them to the priest at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting and offer them as sacrifices of peace offerings to [[YHWH|the LORD]].
לְמַעַן֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אֶֽת־ יָבִ֜יאוּ לַֽיהוָ֗ה זִבְחֵיהֶם֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֵ֣ם זֹבְחִים֮ עַל־ פְּנֵ֣י הַשָּׂדֶה֒ וֶֽהֱבִיאֻ֣ם אֶל־ הַכֹּהֵ֑ן אֶל־ פֶּ֛תַח אֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵ֖ד וְזָ֨בְח֜וּ אוֹתָֽם׃ זִבְחֵ֧י שְׁלָמִ֛ים לַֽיהוָ֖ה lə·ma·‘an ’ă·šer bə·nê yiś·rā·’êl ’eṯ- yā·ḇî·’ū Yah·weh ziḇ·ḥê·hem ’ă·šer hêm zō·ḇə·ḥîm ‘al- pə·nê haś·śā·ḏeh we·hĕ·ḇî·’um ’el- hak·kō·hên ’el- pe·ṯaḥ ’ō·hel mō·w·‘êḏ wə·zā·ḇə·ḥū ’ō·w·ṯām ziḇ·ḥê šə·lā·mîm Yah·weh — WLC · 5
ὃπως ἀναφέρωσιν οἱ υἱοὶ Ἰσραὴλ τὰς θυσίας αὐτῶν ὅσας ἂν αὐτοὶ σφάξουσιν ἐν τοῖς πεδίοις, καὶ οἴσουσιν τῷ κυρίῳ ἐπὶ τὰς θύρας τῆς σκηνῆς τοῦ μαρτυρίου πρὸς τὸν ἱερέα, καὶ θύσουσιν θυσίαν σωτηρίου τῷ κυρίῳ αὐτά· — LXX Swete · 5
6
The priest will then splatter the blood on the altar of [[YHWH|the LORD]] at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting and burn the fat as a pleasing aroma to [[YHWH|the LORD]].
הַכֹּהֵ֤ן אֶת־ וְזָרַ֨ק הַדָּם֙ עַל־ מִזְבַּ֣ח יְהוָ֔ה פֶּ֖תַח אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֑ד וְהִקְטִ֣יר הַחֵ֔לֶב נִיחֹ֖חַ לְרֵ֥יחַ לַיהוָֽה׃ hak·kō·hên ’eṯ- wə·zā·raq had·dām ‘al- miz·baḥ Yah·weh pe·ṯaḥ ’ō·hel mō·w·‘êḏ wə·hiq·ṭîr ha·ḥê·leḇ nî·ḥō·aḥ lə·rê·aḥ Yah·weh — WLC · 6
καὶ προσχεεῖ ὁ ἱερεὺς τὸ αἷμα ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον κύκλῳ ἀπέναντι Τυρίου παρὰ τὰς θύρας τῆς σκηνῆς τοῦ μαρτυρίου, καὶ ἀνοίσει τὸ στέαρ εἰς ὀσμὴν εὐωδίας Τυρίῳ· — LXX Swete · 6
7
They must no longer offer their sacrifices to the goat demons to which they have prostituted themselves. This will be a permanent statute for them for the generations to come.’
וְלֹא־ עוֹד֙ אֶת־ יִזְבְּח֥וּ זִבְחֵיהֶ֔ם לַשְּׂעִירִ֕ם אֲשֶׁ֛ר הֵ֥ם זֹנִ֖ים אַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם זֹּ֥את תִּֽהְיֶה־ עוֹלָ֛ם חֻקַּ֥ת לָהֶ֖ם לְדֹרֹתָֽם׃ wə·lō- ‘ō·wḏ ’eṯ- yiz·bə·ḥū ziḇ·ḥê·hem laś·śə·‘î·rim ’ă·šer hêm zō·nîm ’a·ḥă·rê·hem zōṯ tih·yeh- ‘ō·w·lām ḥuq·qaṯ lā·hem lə·ḏō·rō·ṯām — WLC · 7
καὶ οὐ θύσουσιν ἔτι τὰς θυσίας αὐτῶν τοῖς ματαίοις, οἷς αὐτοὶ ἐκπορνεύουσιν ὀπίσω αὐτῶν· νόμιμον αἰώνιον ἱστᾶι ὑμῖν εἰς τὰς γενεὰς ὑμῶν. — LXX Swete · 7
8
Tell them that if anyone… from the house of Israel or any foreigner living among them offers a burnt offering or a sacrifice
תֹּאמַ֔ר וַאֲלֵהֶ֣ם אִ֥ישׁ אִישׁ֙ וּמִן־ מִבֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הַגֵּ֖ר אֲשֶׁר־ יָג֣וּר בְּתוֹכָ֑ם אֲשֶׁר־ יַעֲלֶ֥ה עֹלָ֖ה אוֹ־ זָֽבַח׃ tō·mar wa·’ă·lê·hem ’îš ’îš ū·min- mib·bêṯ yiś·rā·’êl hag·gêr ’ă·šer- yā·ḡūr bə·ṯō·w·ḵām ’ă·šer- ya·‘ă·leh ‘ō·lāh ’ōw- zā·ḇaḥ — WLC · 8
Καὶ ἐρεῖς πρὸς αὐτούς Ἅνθρωπος ἄνθρωπος τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν υἱῶν τῶν προσηλύτων τῶν προσκειμένων ἐν ὑμῖν ὃς ἂν ποιήσῃ ὁλοκαύτωμα ἢ θυσίαν — LXX Swete · 8
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but does not bring it to the entrance to the Tent of Meeting to sacrifice it to [[YHWH|the LORD]], that man must be cut off from his people.
לֹ֣א יְבִיאֶ֔נּוּ וְאֶל־ פֶּ֜תַח אֹ֤הֶל מוֹעֵד֙ לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת אֹת֖וֹ לַיהוָ֑ה הַה֖וּא הָאִ֥ישׁ וְנִכְרַ֛ת מֵעַמָּֽיו׃ lō yə·ḇî·’en·nū wə·’el- pe·ṯaḥ ’ō·hel mō·w·‘êḏ la·‘ă·śō·wṯ ’ō·ṯōw Yah·weh ha·hū hā·’îš wə·niḵ·raṯ mê·‘am·māw — WLC · 9
καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν θύραν τῆς σκηνῆς τοῦ μαρτυρίου μὴ ἐνέγκῃ ποιῆσαι αὐτὸ τῷ κυρίῳ, ἐξολεθρευθήσεται ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἐκεῖνος ἐκ τοῦ λαοῦ αὐτοῦ. — LXX Swete · 9
Laws against Eating Blood
10
If anyone… from the house of Israel or a foreigner living among them eats any blood, I will set My face against that person - and cut him off from among his people.
וְאִ֨ישׁ אִ֜ישׁ וּמִן־ מִבֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל הַגֵּר֙ הַגָּ֣ר בְּתוֹכָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר יֹאכַ֖ל כָּל־ דָּ֑ם וְנָתַתִּ֣י פָנַ֗י בַּנֶּ֙פֶשׁ֙ הָאֹכֶ֣לֶת אֶת־ הַדָּ֔ם וְהִכְרַתִּ֥י אֹתָ֖הּ מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽהּ׃ wə·’îš ’îš ū·min- mib·bêṯ yiś·rā·’êl hag·gêr hag·gār bə·ṯō·w·ḵām ’ă·šer yō·ḵal kāl- dām wə·nā·ṯat·tî p̄ā·nay ban·ne·p̄eš hā·’ō·ḵe·leṯ ’eṯ- had·dām wə·hiḵ·rat·tî ’ō·ṯāh miq·qe·reḇ ‘am·māh — WLC · 10
Καὶ ἄνθρωπος ἄνθρωπος τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ ἢ τῶν προσηλύτων τῶν προσκειμένων ἐν ὑμῖν ὃς ἂν φάγῃ πᾶν αἷμα, καὶ ἐπιστήσω τὸ πρόσωπόν μου ἐπὶ τὴν ψυχὴν τὴν ἔσθουσαν τὸ αἷμα καὶ ἀπολῶ αὐτὴν ἐκ τοῦ λαοῦ αὐτῆς. — LXX Swete · 10
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For the life of the flesh is in the blood, and I have given it to you to make atonement for your souls upon the altar; for it [is] the blood [that] makes atonement for the soul.
כִּ֣י נֶ֣פֶשׁ הַבָּשָׂר֮ בַּדָּ֣ם וַאֲנִ֞י נְתַתִּ֤יו הִוא֒ לָכֶם֙ לְכַפֵּ֖ר עַל־ נַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶ֑ם עַל־ הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַ כִּֽי־ ה֖וּא הַדָּ֥ם יְכַפֵּֽר׃ בַּנֶּ֥פֶשׁ kî ne·p̄eš hab·bā·śār bad·dām wa·’ă·nî nə·ṯat·tîw hî lā·ḵem lə·ḵap·pêr ‘al- nap̄·šō·ṯê·ḵem ‘al- ham·miz·bê·aḥ kî- hū had·dām yə·ḵap·pêr ban·ne·p̄eš — WLC · 11
ἡ γὰρ ψυχὴ πάσης σαρκὸς αἷμα αὐτοῦ ἐστιν, καὶ ἐγὼ δέδωκα αὐτὸ ὑμῖν ἐπὶ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου ἑ περὶ τῶν ψυχῶν ὑμῶν· τὸ γὰρ αἷμα αὐτοῦ ἀντὶ τῆς λάσεται. — LXX Swete · 11
12
Therefore… I say to the Israelites…, ‘None… of you may eat blood, nor may any foreigner living among you eat blood.’
עַל־ כֵּ֤ן אָמַ֙רְתִּי֙ לִבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כָּל־ נֶ֥פֶשׁ לֹא־ מִכֶּ֖ם תֹ֣אכַל דָּ֑ם לֹא־ וְהַגֵּ֛ר הַגָּ֥ר בְּתוֹכְכֶ֖ם יֹ֥אכַל דָּֽם׃ס ‘al- kên ’ā·mar·tî liḇ·nê yiś·rā·’êl kāl- ne·p̄eš lō- mik·kem ṯō·ḵal dām lō- wə·hag·gêr hag·gār bə·ṯō·wḵ·ḵem yō·ḵal dām — WLC · 12
διὰ τοῦτο εἴρηκα τοῖς υἱοῖς Ἰσραήλ Πᾶσα ψυχὴ ἐξ ὑμῶν οὐ φάγεται αἷμα, καὶ ὁ προσήλυτος ὁ προσκείμενος ἐν ὑμῖν οὐ Φάγεται αἷμα. — LXX Swete · 12
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And if any… Israelite… or foreigner living among them hunts down a wild animal or bird that may be eaten, he must drain its blood and cover it with dirt.
וְאִ֨ישׁ אִ֜ישׁ מִבְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וּמִן־ הַגֵּר֙ הַגָּ֣ר בְּתוֹכָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָצ֜וּד חַיָּ֛ה צֵ֥יד אוֹ־ ע֖וֹף אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֵאָכֵ֑ל וְשָׁפַךְ֙ אֶת־ דָּמ֔וֹ וְכִסָּ֖הוּ בֶּעָפָֽר׃ wə·’îš ’îš mib·bə·nê yiś·rā·’êl ū·min- hag·gêr hag·gār bə·ṯō·w·ḵām ’ă·šer yā·ṣūḏ ḥay·yāh ṣêḏ ’ōw- ‘ō·wp̄ ’ă·šer yê·’ā·ḵêl wə·šā·p̄aḵ ’eṯ- dā·mōw wə·ḵis·sā·hū be·‘ā·p̄ār — WLC · 13
καὶ ἄνθρωπος ἄνθρωπος τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ καὶ τῶν προσηλύτων τῶν προσκειμένων ἐν ὑμῖν ὃς ἂν θηρεύσῃ θήρευμα θηρίον ἢ πετεινὸν ὃ ἔσθεται, καὶ ἐκχεεῖ τὸ αἷμα καὶ καλύψει αὐτὸ τῇ γῇ. — LXX Swete · 13
14
For the life of all flesh is its blood -. Therefore I have told the Israelites…, ‘You must not eat the blood of any living thing, because the life of all flesh is its blood; whoever… eats it must be cut off.’
כִּֽי־ נֶ֣פֶשׁ כָּל־ בָּשָׂ֗ר דָּמ֣וֹ בְנַפְשׁוֹ֮ הוּא֒ וָֽאֹמַר֙ לִבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לֹ֣א תֹאכֵ֑לוּ דַּ֥ם כָּל־ בָּשָׂ֖ר כִּ֣י נֶ֤פֶשׁ כָּל־ בָּשָׂר֙ דָּמ֣וֹ הִ֔וא כָּל־ אֹכְלָ֖יו יִכָּרֵֽת׃ kî- ne·p̄eš kāl- bā·śār dā·mōw ḇə·nap̄·šōw hū wā·’ō·mar liḇ·nê yiś·rā·’êl lō ṯō·ḵê·lū dam kāl- bā·śār kî ne·p̄eš kāl- bā·śār dā·mōw hî kāl- ’ō·ḵə·lāw yik·kā·rêṯ — WLC · 14
ἡ γὰρ ψυχὴ πάσης σαρκὸς αἷμα αὐτοῦ ἐστιν, καὶ εἶπα τοῖς υἱοῖς Ἰσραήλ Αἷμα πάσης σαρκὸς οὐ φάγεσθε, ὅτι ἡ ψυχὴ πόσης σαρκὸς αἷμα αὐτοῦ ἐστίν· πᾶς ὁ ἔσθων αὐτὸ ἐξολεθρευθήσεται. — LXX Swete · 14
15
And any person, whether native or foreigner, who eats anything found dead or mauled by wild beasts must wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will be unclean until evening; then he will be clean.
וְכָל־ נֶ֗פֶשׁ בָּאֶזְרָ֖ח וּבַגֵּ֑ר אֲשֶׁ֨ר תֹּאכַ֤ל נְבֵלָה֙ וּטְרֵפָ֔ה וְכִבֶּ֨ס בְּגָדָ֜יו וְרָחַ֥ץ בַּמַּ֛יִם וְטָמֵ֥א עַד־ הָעֶ֖רֶב וְטָהֵֽר׃ wə·ḵāl ne·p̄eš bā·’ez·rāḥ ū·ḇag·gêr ’ă·šer tō·ḵal nə·ḇê·lāh ū·ṭə·rê·p̄āh wə·ḵib·bes bə·ḡā·ḏāw wə·rā·ḥaṣ bam·ma·yim wə·ṭā·mê ‘aḏ- hā·‘e·reḇ wə·ṭā·hêr — WLC · 15
καὶ πᾶσα ψυχὴ ἥτις φάγεται θνησιμαῖον ἢ θηριάλωτον, ἐν τοι αὐτόχθοσιν ἢ ἐν τοῖς προσηλύτοις, πλυνεῖ τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ καὶ λούσεται ὕδατι, καὶ ἀκάθαρτος ἕως ἑσπέρας, καὶ καθαρὸς ἔσται. — LXX Swete · 15
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But if he does not wash his clothes and bathe himself,… then he shall bear his iniquity.”
וְאִם֙ לֹ֣א יְכַבֵּ֔ס יִרְחָ֑ץ וּבְשָׂר֖וֹ לֹ֣א וְנָשָׂ֖א עֲוֺנֽוֹ׃פ wə·’im lō yə·ḵab·bês yir·ḥāṣ ū·ḇə·śā·rōw lō wə·nā·śā ‘ă·wō·nōw — WLC · 16
ἐὰν δὲ μὴ πλύνῃ τὰ ἱμάτια καὶ τὸ σῶμα μὴ λούσηται ὕδατι, καὶ λήμψεται ἀνόμημα αὐτοῦ. — LXX Swete · 16