← 29 | ← Overview | Numbers | 31 →
Chapter 30
Laws about Vows
1
Then Moses… said to the heads of the tribes… of Israel,… “This… is what [[YHWH|the LORD]] has commanded:
מֹשֶׁה֙ אֶל־ וַיְדַבֵּ֤ר רָאשֵׁ֣י הַמַּטּ֔וֹת לִבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר זֶ֣ה הַדָּבָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֖ר יְהוָֽה׃ צִוָּ֥ה mō·šeh ’el- way·ḏab·bêr rā·šê ham·maṭ·ṭō·wṯ liḇ·nê yiś·rā·’êl lê·mōr zeh had·dā·ḇār ’ă·šer Yah·weh ṣiw·wāh — WLC · 1
Καὶ ἐλάλησεν Μωυσῆς τοῖς υἱοῖς ᾿Iσραὴλ κατὰ πάντα ὅσα ἐνετείλατο Κύριος τῷ Μωυσῇ. — LXX Swete · 1
2
If a man makes a vow to [[YHWH|the LORD]] or swears an oath to obligate himself by a pledge, he must not break his word; he must do everything he has promised…
כִּֽי־ אִישׁ֩ יִדֹּ֨ר נֶ֜דֶר לַֽיהוָ֗ה אֽוֹ־ הִשָּׁ֤בַע שְׁבֻעָה֙ לֶאְסֹ֤ר נַפְשׁ֔וֹ עַל־ אִסָּר֙ לֹ֥א יַחֵ֖ל דְּבָר֑וֹ יַעֲשֶֽׂה׃ כְּכָל־ הַיֹּצֵ֥א מִפִּ֖יו kî- ’îš yid·dōr ne·ḏer Yah·weh ’ōw- hiš·šā·ḇa‘ šə·ḇu·‘āh le’·sōr nap̄·šōw ‘al- ’is·sār lō ya·ḥêl də·ḇā·rōw ya·‘ă·śeh kə·ḵāl- hay·yō·ṣê mip·pîw — WLC · 2
καὶ ἐλάλησεν Μωυσῆς πρὸς τοὺς ἄρχοντας τῶν φυλῶν ᾿Ισραὴλ λέγων τοῦτο τὸ ῥῆμα ὃ συνέταξεν Κύριος· — LXX Swete · 2
3
And if a woman in her father’s house during her youth makes a vow to [[YHWH|the LORD]] or obligates herself by a pledge,
כִּֽי־ וְאִשָּׁ֕ה אָבִ֖יהָ בְּבֵ֥ית בִּנְעֻרֶֽיהָ׃ תִדֹּ֥ר נֶ֖דֶר לַיהוָ֑ה וְאָסְרָ֥ה אִסָּ֛ר kî- wə·’iš·šāh ’ā·ḇî·hā bə·ḇêṯ bin·‘u·re·hā ṯid·dōr ne·ḏer Yah·weh wə·’ā·sə·rāh ’is·sār — WLC · 3
ἄνθρωπος ἄνθρωπος ὃς ἄν εὔξηται εὐχὴν κυρίῳ ἢ ὀμόσῃ ὅρκον ὁρισμῷ ἢ ὁρίσηται περὶ τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτοῦ, οὐ βεβηλώσει τὸ ῥῆμα αὐτοῦ· παντᾶ ὅσα ἐὰν ἐξέλθῃ ἐκ τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ ποιήσει. ἐὰν δὲ γυνὴ εὔξηται — LXX Swete · 3
4
and her father hears about her vow or pledge - - [but] says nothing to her, then all the vows or pledges by which she has bound herself… shall stand.
אָבִ֜יהָ אֶת־ וְשָׁמַ֨ע נִדְרָ֗הּ וֶֽאֱסָרָהּ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָֽסְרָ֣ה נַפְשָׁ֔הּ עַל־ אָבִ֑יהָ וְהֶחֱרִ֥ישׁ לָ֖הּ כָּל־ נְדָרֶ֔יהָ וְכָל־ אִסָּ֛ר אֲשֶׁר־ אָסְרָ֥ה נַפְשָׁ֖הּ יָקֽוּם׃ עַל־ וְקָ֙מוּ֙ ’ā·ḇî·hā ’eṯ- wə·šā·ma‘ niḏ·rāh we·’ĕ·sā·rāh ’ă·šer ’ā·sə·rāh nap̄·šāh ‘al- ’ā·ḇî·hā wə·he·ḥĕ·rîš lāh kāl- nə·ḏā·re·hā wə·ḵāl ’is·sār ’ă·šer- ’ā·sə·rāh nap̄·šāh yā·qūm ‘al- wə·qā·mū — WLC · 4
εὐχὴν κυρίῳ ἢ ὁρίσηται ὁρισμὸν ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ τοῦ πατρὸς, αὐτῆς ἐν τῆ νεοτήτι αὐτῆς· — LXX Swete · 4
5
But if her father prohibits her on the day he hears about it, then none of the vows or pledges by which she has bound herself shall stand. The LORD will absolve her because her father has prohibited her.
וְאִם־ אָבִ֣יהָ אֹתָהּ֮ הֵנִ֨יא בְּי֣וֹם שָׁמְעוֹ֒ כָּל־ לֹ֣א נְדָרֶ֗יהָ וֶֽאֱסָרֶ֛יהָ אֲשֶׁר־ אָסְרָ֥ה נַפְשָׁ֖הּ עַל־ יָק֑וּם וַֽיהוָה֙ יִֽסְלַח־ לָ֔הּ כִּי־ אָבִ֖יהָ אֹתָֽהּ׃ הֵנִ֥יא wə·’im- ’ā·ḇî·hā ’ō·ṯāh hê·nî bə·yō·wm šā·mə·‘ōw kāl- lō nə·ḏā·re·hā we·’ĕ·sā·re·hā ’ă·šer- ’ā·sə·rāh nap̄·šāh ‘al- yā·qūm Yah·weh yis·laḥ- lāh kî- ’ā·ḇî·hā ’ō·ṯāh hê·nî — WLC · 5
καὶ ἀκούση ὁ πατὴρ αὐτῆς τὰς εὐχὰς ἀύτης καὶ τοὺς οὓς ὡρίσατο κατὰ τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτῆς, κα παρασιωπήσῃ αὐτῆς ὁ πατήρ· καὶ στήσονται πᾶσαι αἱ εὐχαὶ αὐτῆς, καὶ πάντες οἱ ὁρισμοὶ οὓς ὡρίσατο κατὰ τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτῆς μενοῦσιν αὐτῇ. — LXX Swete · 5
6
If a woman marries… while under a vow… or rash promise… by which she has bound herself,
וְאִם־ הָי֤וֹ תִֽהְיֶה֙ לְאִ֔ישׁ וּנְדָרֶ֖יהָ עָלֶ֑יהָ א֚וֹ מִבְטָ֣א שְׂפָתֶ֔יהָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נַפְשָֽׁהּ׃ אָסְרָ֖ה עַל־ wə·’im- hā·yōw ṯih·yeh lə·’îš ū·nə·ḏā·re·hā ‘ā·le·hā ’ōw miḇ·ṭā śə·p̄ā·ṯe·hā ’ă·šer nap̄·šāh ’ā·sə·rāh ‘al- — WLC · 6
ἐὰν δὲ ἀνανεύων ἀνανεύσῃ ὁ πατὴρ αὐτῆς ᾗ ἂν ἡμέρᾳ ἀκούση πάσας τὰς εὐχὰς αὐτῆς καὶ τοὺς ὁρισμοὺς οὓς ὡρίσατο κατὰ, τῆς ψυχῆ‘ς αὐτῆς, οὐ στήσονται. καὶ κύριος καθαριεῖ αὐτήν, ὅτι ἀνένευσεν ὁ πατὴρ αὐτῆς. — LXX Swete · 6
7
and her husband hears of it but says nothing to her on that day -, then the vows or pledges by which she has bound herself shall stand.
אִישָׁ֛הּ וְשָׁמַ֥ע וְהֶחֱרִ֣ישׁ לָ֑הּ בְּי֥וֹם שָׁמְע֖וֹ נְדָרֶ֗יהָ וְקָ֣מוּ וֶֽאֱסָרֶ֛הָ אֲשֶׁר־ נַפְשָׁ֖הּ אָסְרָ֥ה עַל־ יָקֻֽמוּ׃ ’î·šāh wə·šā·ma‘ wə·he·ḥĕ·rîš lāh bə·yō·wm šā·mə·‘ōw nə·ḏā·re·hā wə·qā·mū we·’ĕ·sā·re·hā ’ă·šer- nap̄·šāh ’ā·sə·rāh ‘al- yā·qu·mū — WLC · 7
ἐὰν δὲ γενομένη γένηται ἀνδρί, καὶ αἱ εὐχαὶ αὐτῆς ἐπ᾿ αὐτῇ κατὰ τὴν διαστολὴν τῶν χειλέων αὐτῆς, οὓς ὡρίσατο κατὰ τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτῆς, — LXX Swete · 7
8
But if her husband prohibits her when he hears of it, he nullifies the vow that binds her or the rash promise… she has made,… and [[YHWH|the LORD]] will absolve her.
וְ֠אִם אִישָׁהּ֮ יָנִ֣יא אוֹתָהּ֒ בְּי֨וֹם שְׁמֹ֣עַ וְהֵפֵ֗ר אֶת־ נִדְרָהּ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָלֶ֔יהָ וְאֵת֙ מִבְטָ֣א שְׂפָתֶ֔יהָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נַפְשָׁ֑הּ אָסְרָ֖ה עַל־ וַיהוָ֖ה יִֽסְלַֽח־ לָֽהּ׃ wə·’im ’î·šāh yā·nî ’ō·w·ṯāh bə·yō·wm šə·mō·a‘ wə·hê·p̄êr ’eṯ- niḏ·rāh ’ă·šer ‘ā·le·hā wə·’êṯ miḇ·ṭā śə·p̄ā·ṯe·hā ’ă·šer nap̄·šāh ’ā·sə·rāh ‘al- Yah·weh yis·laḥ- lāh — WLC · 8
καὶ ἀκούσῃ ὁ ἀνὴρ αὐτῆς, καὶ παρασιωπήσῃ αὐτῇ ᾗ ἂν ἡμέρᾳ ἀκούσῃ· καὶ οὕτως στήσονται πᾶσαι αἱ εὐχαὶ αὐτῆς, καὶ οἱ ὁρισμοὶ αὐτῆς οὕς ὡρίσατο κατὰ τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτῆς στήσονται. — LXX Swete · 8
9
Every vow a widow or divorced woman pledges to fulfill… is binding on her.
כֹּ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־ וְנֵ֥דֶר אַלְמָנָ֖ה וּגְרוּשָׁ֑ה אָסְרָ֥ה עַל־ נַפְשָׁ֖הּ יָק֥וּם עָלֶֽיהָ׃ kōl ’ă·šer- wə·nê·ḏer ’al·mā·nāh ū·ḡə·rū·šāh ’ā·sə·rāh ‘al- nap̄·šāh yā·qūm ‘ā·le·hā — WLC · 9
ἐὰν δὲ ἀναἀνανεύσῃ ὁ ἀνὴρ αὐτῆς ᾗ ἐὰν ἡμέρᾳ ἀκούσῃ, πᾶσαι αἱ εὐχαὶ καὶ οἱ ὁρισμοὶ αὐτῆς οὓς ὡρίσατο κατὰ τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτῆς οὐ μενοῦσιν, ὅτι ὁ ἀνὴρ ἀνένευσεν ἀπ’ αὐτῆς· καὶ κύριος καθαριεῖ αὐτήν. — LXX Swete · 9
10
If a woman in her husband’s house has made a vow or put herself under an obligation… with an oath,
וְאִם־ אִישָׁ֖הּ בֵּ֥ית נָדָ֑רָה אֽוֹ־ נַפְשָׁ֖הּ עַל־ אָסְרָ֥ה אִסָּ֛ר בִּשְׁבֻעָֽה׃ wə·’im- ’î·šāh bêṯ nā·ḏā·rāh ’ōw- nap̄·šāh ‘al- ’ā·sə·rāh ’is·sār biš·ḇu·‘āh — WLC · 10
καὶ εὐχὴ χήρας καὶ ἐκβεβλημένης, ὅσα ἄν εὔξηται κατὰ τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτῆς, μενοῦσιν αὐτῇ. — LXX Swete · 10
11
and her husband hears of it but says nothing to her and does not prohibit her, then all the vows or pledges by which she has bound herself… shall stand.
אִישָׁהּ֙ וְשָׁמַ֤ע וְהֶחֱרִ֣שׁ לָ֔הּ לֹ֥א הֵנִ֖יא אֹתָ֑הּ כָּל־ נְדָרֶ֔יהָ וְקָ֙מוּ֙ וְכָל־ אִסָּ֛ר אֲשֶׁר־ אָסְרָ֥ה נַפְשָׁ֖הּ עַל־ יָקֽוּם׃ ’î·šāh wə·šā·ma‘ wə·he·ḥĕ·riš lāh lō hê·nî ’ō·ṯāh kāl- nə·ḏā·re·hā wə·qā·mū wə·ḵāl ’is·sār ’ă·šer- ’ā·sə·rāh nap̄·šāh ‘al- yā·qūm — WLC · 11
ἐὰν δὲ ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ τοῦ ἀνδρὸς αὐτῆς ἡ εὐχὴ αὐτῆς ἢ ὁ ὁρισμὸς κατὰ τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτῆς μεθ’ ὅρκου, — LXX Swete · 11
12
But if her husband nullifies them on the day he hears of them, then nothing… that came from her lips, whether her vows or pledges, shall stand. Her husband… has nullified them, and [[YHWH|the LORD]] will absolve her.
וְאִם־ אִישָׁהּ֮ הָפֵר֩ בְּי֣וֹם שָׁמְעוֹ֒ כָּל־ לֹ֣א מוֹצָ֨א שְׂפָתֶ֧יהָ לִנְדָרֶ֛יהָ נַפְשָׁ֖הּ וּלְאִסַּ֥ר יָק֑וּם אִישָׁ֣הּ הֲפֵרָ֔ם יָפֵ֨ר אֹתָ֥ם׀ וַיהוָ֖ה יִֽסְלַֽח־ לָֽהּ׃ wə·’im- ’î·šāh hā·p̄êr bə·yō·wm šā·mə·‘ōw kāl- lō mō·w·ṣā śə·p̄ā·ṯe·hā lin·ḏā·re·hā nap̄·šāh ū·lə·’is·sar yā·qūm ’î·šāh hă·p̄ê·rām yā·p̄êr ’ō·ṯām Yah·weh yis·laḥ- lāh — WLC · 12
καὶ ἀκούσῃ ὁ ἀνὴρ αὐτῆς, καὶ παρασιωπήσῃ αὐτῇ καὶ μὴ ἀνανεύσῃ αὐτῇ· καὶ στήσονται πᾶσαι αἱ εὐχαὶ αὐτῆς, καὶ πάντες οἱ ὁρισμοὶ αὐτῆς οὓς ὡρίσατο κατὰ τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτῆς στήσονται κατ’ αὐτῆς. — LXX Swete · 12
13
Her husband may confirm… or nullify any vow or any sworn pledge to deny herself.
אִישָׁ֥הּ יְקִימֶ֖נּוּ וְאִישָׁ֥הּ יְפֵרֶֽנּוּ׃ כָּל־ נֵ֛דֶר וְכָל־ שְׁבֻעַ֥ת אִסָּ֖ר לְעַנֹּ֣ת נָ֑פֶשׁ ’î·šāh yə·qî·men·nū wə·’î·šāh yə·p̄ê·ren·nū kāl- nê·ḏer wə·ḵāl šə·ḇu·‘aṯ ’is·sār lə·‘an·nōṯ nā·p̄eš — WLC · 13
ἐὰν δὲ περιελὼν περιέλῃ ὁ ἀνὴρ αὐτῆς ᾗ ἂν ἡμέρᾳ ἀκούσῃ πάντα, ὅσα ἐὰν ἐξέλθῃ ἐκ τῶν χειλέων αὐτῆς κατὰ τὰς εὐχὰς αὐτῆς καὶ κατὰ τοὺς ὁρισμοὺς τοὺς κατὰ τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτῆς, οὐ μενεῖ αὐτῇ· ὁ ἀνὴρ αὐτῆς περιεῖλεν, καὶ κύριος καθαρίσει αὐτήν. — LXX Swete · 13
14
But if her husband says nothing… to her from day to day, then he confirms all the vows and - pledges that bind her. He has confirmed them, because he said nothing to her on the day he heard about them.
וְאִם־ אִישָׁהּ֮ הַחֲרֵשׁ֩ יַחֲרִ֨ישׁ לָ֥הּ מִיּ֣וֹם אֶל־ יוֹם֒ וְהֵקִים֙ אֶת־ כָּל־ נְדָרֶ֔יהָ א֥וֹ אֶת־ כָּל־ אֱסָרֶ֖יהָ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָלֶ֑יהָ הֵקִ֣ים אֹתָ֔ם כִּי־ הֶחֱרִ֥שׁ לָ֖הּ בְּי֥וֹם שָׁמְעֽוֹ׃ wə·’im- ’î·šāh ha·ḥă·rêš ya·ḥă·rîš lāh mî·yō·wm ’el- yō·wm wə·hê·qîm ’eṯ- kāl- nə·ḏā·re·hā ’ōw ’eṯ- kāl- ’ĕ·sā·re·hā ’ă·šer ‘ā·le·hā hê·qîm ’ō·ṯām kî- he·ḥĕ·riš lāh bə·yō·wm šā·mə·‘ōw — WLC · 14
πᾶσα εὐχὴ καὶ πᾶς ὅρκος δεσμοῦ κακῶσαι ψυχήν, ὁ ἀνὴρ αὐτῆς στήσει αὐτῇ καὶ ὁ ἀνὴρ αὐτῆς περιελεῖ. — LXX Swete · 14
15
But if he nullifies… them after he hears of them, then he will bear her iniquity.”
וְאִם־ הָפֵ֥ר יָפֵ֛ר אֹתָ֖ם אַחֲרֵ֣י שָׁמְע֑וֹ וְנָשָׂ֖א אֶת־ עֲוֺנָֽהּ׃ wə·’im- hā·p̄êr yā·p̄êr ’ō·ṯām ’a·ḥă·rê šā·mə·‘ōw wə·nā·śā ’eṯ- ‘ă·wō·nāh — WLC · 15
ἐὰν δὲ σιωπῶν παρασιωπήσῃ αὐτῇ ἡμέραν ἐξ ἡμέρας, καὶ στήσει αὐτῇ πάσας τὰς εὐχὰς αὐτῆς, καὶ τοὺς ὁρισμοὺς τοὺς ἐπ’ αὐτῆς στήσει αὐτῇ, ὅτι ἐσιώπησεν αὐτῇ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἢν ἤκουσεν. — LXX Swete · 15
16
These are the statutes that [[YHWH|the LORD]] commanded Moses concerning the relationship between a man and his wife, and between a father and a young daughter… still in his home.
אֵ֣לֶּה הַֽחֻקִּ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר יְהוָה֙ אֶת־ צִוָּ֤ה מֹשֶׁ֔ה בֵּ֥ין אִ֖ישׁ לְאִשְׁתּ֑וֹ בֵּֽין־ אָ֣ב לְבִתּ֔וֹ בִּנְעֻרֶ֖יהָ אָבִֽיהָ׃פ בֵּ֥ית ’êl·leh ha·ḥuq·qîm ’ă·šer Yah·weh ’eṯ- ṣiw·wāh mō·šeh bên ’îš lə·’iš·tōw bên- ’āḇ lə·ḇit·tōw bin·‘u·re·hā ’ā·ḇî·hā bêṯ — WLC · 16
ἐὰν δὲ περιελὼν περιέλῃ αὐτῆς μετὰ τὴν ἡμέραν ἢν ἤκουσεν, καὶ λήμψεται τὴν ἁμαρτίαν αὐτοῦ. δικαιώματα ὅσα ἐνετείλατο Κύριος τῷ Μωυσῇ ἀνὰ μέσον ἀνδρὸς καὶ γυναικὸς αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον πατρὸς καὶ θυγατρὸς ἐν νεότητι ἐν οἴκῳ πατρὸς. — LXX Swete · 16